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Chapter 12 and 13 Review

Chapter 12 and 13 Review. Human Genetics and DNA Technology. Gene therapy currently. can be used to treat certain diseases, such as cystic fibrosis can be used to cure certain diseases, such as cystic fibrosis provides cures for diseases that can be passed on to the next generation

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Chapter 12 and 13 Review

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  1. Chapter 12 and 13 Review Human Genetics and DNA Technology

  2. Gene therapy currently • can be used to treat certain diseases, such as cystic fibrosis • can be used to cure certain diseases, such as cystic fibrosis • provides cures for diseases that can be passed on to the next generation • All of the above

  3. DNA technology is being used to produce medicines by • growing genetically engineered bacteria and collecting human DNA that they produce • growing genetically engineered bacteria and collecting human proteins that they produce • Neither A or B • Both A and B

  4. In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate toward one end of a gel because they are • pulled toward that end by gravity • attracted to complementary DNA fragments at that end of the gel • Negatively charged and the end of the gel is positively charged • Solar powered

  5. Many of the pharmaceutical products being produced by DNA technology are • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Polysaccharides • Proteins

  6. When the human body mobilizes its defenses against a pathogen, the body recognizes the • DNA • Surface proteins • Self markers • Genome

  7. DNA technology is being used to develop crop plants that are • less toxic to the pests that normally feed on them • more susceptible to herbicides • unable to fix nitrogen • resistant to some diseases • A, B, and C are correct

  8. Scientists have inserted genes into tomato plants that code for • enzymes that cause tomatoes to become soft without ripening • enzymes that are harmful to hornworms • substances that cause allergies in people • proteins that make tomato plants resistant to nitrogen-fixing bacteria

  9. Some people are concerned that genetically engineered crop plants could • transmit their new genes to wild plant species, producing “superweeds” • transmit their new genes to the animals that eat the plants, producing “superanimals” • exchange genes with animals, producing plant-animal hybrids • be wiped out by native plant species

  10. Genetically engineered vaccines • contain DNA from pathogens • are used to cure disease • are not as safe as traditionally prepared vaccines • All of the above

  11. This is characterized by a DNA sample of genes arranged on a microscope slide • Microarray • Genetic engineering • Proteomics • Gel electrophoresis

  12. This is characterized by using gel electrophoresis to separate proteins. • Microarray • Genetic engineering • Proteomics • Gel electrophoresis

  13. What is the correct order of steps for DNA fingerprinting? • a,b,c,d • b,a,d,c • c,a,b,d • b,d,a,c

  14. What are all the chromosomes except the sex chromosomes called? • X chromosome • Y chromosome • Autosomes • Microsomes

  15. Who discovered the sex chromosomes? • Flemming • Sutton • Morgan • Mendel • Johannsen

  16. Crossing over • occurs during synapsis • occurs between homologous pairs of chromosomes • contributes greater variety to the gametes • changes chromosomes as they pass from one generation to the next • all of the above

  17. What is erythroblastosisfetalis? • When baby is Rh + and mom is Rh- • White blood cells explode • Only happens in the mother • When the baby is Rh- and mom is Rh+

  18. What is the genotype of a person who can not taste the PTC paper? • TT • Tt • TT and Tt • tt

  19. What is an example of a multiple allele trait? • Colorblindness • Hemophilia • Muscular dystrophy • Blood type

  20. Which of the following trait(s) is/are affected by testosterone? • Down syndrome • PKU • Baldness • Breast development • Both 3 and 4 • Both 2 and 3 • Both 1 and 2 • Both 1 and 4

  21. Which of the following are genotypes for a non-bald (normal haired) female? • bb • Bb • Both Bb and bb • BB

  22. What condition causes the presence of an extra chromosome? • Monosomy • Turner’s syndrome • Gene syndrome • Trisomy

  23. Skin color, eye color, and weight are all examples of • Recessive traits • Dominant trait • Polygenic trait • Multiple alleles

  24. A person with type O blood can never have offspring with type _____ blood. • A • B • AB • O • A,B,AB, and O

  25. What does agglutinate describe? • Antigens on the red blood cell • Antibodies in the blood serum • Clumping of the blood • Functions of the red blood cells

  26. What disease causes excess mucus to build up in the lungs? • Huntington’s • Cystic Fibrosis • Hemophilia • PKU

  27. What disease is a sex-linked blood-clotting disorder? • Huntington’s • Cystic Fibrosis • Hemophilia • PKU

  28. What disease is characterized by the degeneration of muscles? • Huntington’s • Muscular dystrophy • Klinefelter’s • PKU

  29. What disease is characterized by the deterioration of brain tissue during infancy? • Huntington’s • Muscular dystrophy • Klinefelter’s • PKU

  30. What disorder is known to be caused by an extra copy of an X chromosome, resulting in XXY • Huntington’s • Muscular dystrophy • Klinefelter’s • PKU

  31. Type O blood is considered the universal donor because • it is homozygous dominant • it contains both A and B antigens • it is heterozygous • it does not contain A or B antigens

  32. Identify this type of inheritance: A man and a woman have the same genotype for pattern baldness, but only the man exhibits the baldness phenotype • Y linked trait • X linked trait • Sex influenced trait • Sex linked trait

  33. The purpose of amniocentesis is • To repair genetic defects in a fetus • To determine a couple’s genetic compatibility • To test for certain genetic abnormalities in a fetus • To test the reflexes of the fetus

  34. If a heterozygous female marries a color-blind male, what are the chances of them having a son with normal vision? • 1/2 • 1/4 • 1/1 • 0 KEY: H = normal vision h = color-blindness

  35. If a color-blind female marries a normal vision male, what will be the expected phenotypic ratio of their offspring? • 1:1 • 2:1 • 3:1 • 4:0 KEY: H = normal vision h = color-blindness

  36. A normal human sperm cell will contain • 22 autosomes and an X or Y chromosome • 22 autosomes and an X chromosome • 44 autosomes and an X or Y chromosome • 44 autosomes and a Y chromosome

  37. What Genetic disorder does this family have? • Autosomal dominant • Autosomal recessive • Sex-linked dominant • Sex-linked recessive • Polygenes

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