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Respiratory system

Respiratory system. What is respiration?. Aerobic respiration. Respiration in the cell. Organs of the respiratory system. Larynx. Trachea. Rib cage. Bronchus. Mediastinum. Lung. Diaphragm. Alveoli. At the end of the bronchioles are the air sacs called Alveoli

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Respiratory system

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  1. Respiratory system

  2. What is respiration?

  3. Aerobic respiration

  4. Respiration in the cell

  5. Organs of the respiratory system Larynx Trachea Rib cage Bronchus Mediastinum Lung Diaphragm

  6. Alveoli • At the end of the bronchioles are the air sacs called Alveoli • Gas exchange takes place in the alveoli. Alveoli • G. Meyer, ANHB-UWA

  7. Exchange surfaces • Like all exchange surfaces, the alveoli: • are very thin • have a large surface area • are moist • have a rich blood supply • This allows quick transfer into the blood.

  8. Reading • Food such as starch, once it has been eaten can be acted upon by enzymes in the digestive system. These special chemicals breakdown large food molecules such as starch, into smaller molecules such as sugars (Glucose). Sugar is small enough to pass out of the small intestine into the bloodstream. • Once we have breathed air into our lungs oxygen can move out of the air sacs that make up the lungs into the blood. • These two very important chemicals, sugar and oxygen, can now be transported all around the body in the blood to every single cell in the body. • Once they reach the cells they can enter the mitochondrion. Here they can react together in a very important chemical reaction called aerobic respiration. This reaction produces three things; carbon dioxide, water and most importantly, energy. The carbon dioxide and water can then move back into the blood (once released from the cell). The blood then transports them back to the lungs where they can enter the air sacs and finally be breathed out through the nose and mouth. The valuable energy that has now been released from the sugar, can then be used by the body for maintaining a constant body temperature, allowing muscles to contract and building up larger molecules from smaller ones. It can also be used during the active transport of molecules – i.e. from a low to a high concentration.

  9. Questions • What important job do enzymes do in the digestive system? • Why is this necessary? • Which gas moves out of the air into the blood and where does this happen? • After digestion and breathing have occurred, which two important chemicals should be found in the blood? • Where do they then go? • What is the name of the chemical reaction that then occurs? Where does this take place? • Which two chemicals are produced in this reaction? • What then happens to these chemicals? • What else is released during this reaction? • What is this used for by the body?

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