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Ch 15, Sec 3: Kingdoms of the Middle Ages

Ch 15, Sec 3: Kingdoms of the Middle Ages. Alfred the Great. King of England in the late A.D. 800s United small groups of Anglo-Saxons to fight Viking invaders New kingdom was named “Angleland”=England Strong leader for 30 years. William the Conqueror. Ruler of Normandy (France)

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Ch 15, Sec 3: Kingdoms of the Middle Ages

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  1. Ch 15, Sec 3: Kingdoms of the Middle Ages

  2. Alfred the Great • King of England in the late A.D. 800s • United small groups of Anglo-Saxons to fight Viking invaders • New kingdom was named “Angleland”=England • Strong leader for 30 years

  3. William the Conqueror • Ruler of Normandy (France) • Cousin to King Edward of England who died • Wanted to take Edward’s throne

  4. Battle of Hastings • 1066 A.D. • William the Conqueror landed in England with knights • William won/became King of England

  5. William as King of England • Anglo-Saxons (English people) hated him/revolted often • Gave land to Norman (French) knights to control the Anglo-Saxons • Cultures merged • Ideas on how to run the gov’t • Learned new languages • Sheriffs kept order • Wedding ceremonies blended

  6. Henry II • English king 1154-1189 • Set up a court system • Set up a common law for everybody • Used juries for the first time • Grand jury-decided if people should be accused of a crime • Trial jury-decided if people were guilty or innocent

  7. King John (Henry’s son) • Became England’s king in 1199 • Raised taxes • Punished people without a trial • Forced to sign the Magna Carta • Means “Great Charter”

  8. Magna Carta • Took away some of the king’s power • King could not collect taxes without permission • Freemen had the right to a fair trial by a jury • Established the idea that people have rights • Limited the power of the government

  9. King Edward I of England • 1200 A.D. • Gathered people together to create a Parliament • Made decisions together on important issues • “representative government”

  10. Parliament • Original Plan: • 2 knights • 2 people from every town • All high-ranking nobles/church officials • Second Plan: • Two houses • House of Lords-high ranking nobles/church officials • House of Commons-Knights/townspeople

  11. Philip II of France • King from 1180-1223 • Went to war with England to get French lands from English control • Gained power/control for France in Europe

  12. Philip IV of France • King from 1284-1314 • Wanted a representative government • Met with the Estates-General • 3 groups of people: • First Estate-priests • Second Estate-Nobles • Third Estate-townspeople/peasants

  13. Eastern Europe • Divided in three groups • 1. Southern Slavs-Croats, Serbs, and Bulgarians • 2. Western Slavs-Poles, Czechs, and Slovaks • 3. Eastern Slavs-Eukrainians, Belorussians, and Russians

  14. Slavs • Farmers • Chopped down forests and burned the trees to fertilize the land • Planted barley, rye, and flax • Were invaded by Vikings (called the Rus) in the 700s AD

  15. Oleg • Viking leader in 900 A.D. • Led from the city of Kiev • Took control of all 3 groups of Slavs • United the groups into what is today Russia

  16. Mongols • Attacked Kiev/Russia • All major cities were destroyed • Killed many people • Forced Russian rulers to pay tribute

  17. Rise of Moscow • Grand Dukes of Moscow: • Married the daughters of rulers from other lands • Fought wars to get more territory • Collected taxes for Mongols=more power

  18. Ivan IV • Grand duke in 1462 • Built big palaces/churches in Moscow • Started calling himself Czar Ivan IV • Defeated the Mongols/kicked them out of Russia • Started expanding his empire north and west

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