Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus Human Rights Faces of History: Aung San Suu Kyi

1. Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus Human Rights Faces of History: Aung San Suu Kyi Global Challenges Map: World Average Life Expectancy Population Movement Social Challenges

2. Social Challenges Main Idea People and countries are working together to protect human rights, help solve problems such as poverty and disease, and adjust to new patterns of migration. • Reading Focus • How are individuals, groups, and nations working to protect human rights? • What global challenges do people around the world face? • What are the causes and effects of population movement?

3. Statements on Human Rights Globalization and Human Rights • 1948, United Nations issued Universal Declaration of Human Rights • All people deserve basic rights “without distinction of...race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status” • 1975, Helskini Accords signers agreed to respect human rights • Violence, human rights abuses not new • Globalization has made world more aware • In recent years, many nations have pledged to respect human rights Human Rights

4. In spite of agreements, torture, slavery, killing, other abuses daily occurrences in some countries Most common in countries not democracies or in process of establishing democracy Some groups at greater risk than others People who disagree with their government People who are members of religious, ethnic minority Women and children Human Rights Abuses

5. Working for Rights • Many individuals, groups working to improve, protect human rights • United Nations investigates human rights abuses, works with national governments to protect rights of threatened groups • Also NGOs, nongovernmental organizations, formed to provide services, promote certain public policies • Protecting Human Rights • International Red Cross, an NGO that works to improve welfare of women, children, indigenous peoples; played key roles in fights against slavery, violence against women, apartheid • Human rights usually better protected in democratic countries • Spread of democracy has led to spread of human rights

7. Make Generalizations How are human rights threatened and protected? Answer(s): threatened—torture, slavery, and killing; protected—actions of United Nations, NGOs; increased democracy, globalization

8. Poverty Disease • More than 20 percent of world’s people live on less than $1 per day • Poverty has many causes • Lack of natural resources • War • Poor government planning • Rapid population growth • One result—famine, extreme shortage of food • Globalization has made controlling disease challenge for entire world • International air travel allows disease to spread rapidly • 2002, SARS pneumonia appeared in China, spread to Asia, Europe, Americas • Hundreds killed in epidemic, contagious disease outbreak Global Challenges Although globalization is improving the lives of some people, many still face major challenges like poverty, disease, or natural disasters.

9. HIV/AIDS another recent epidemic Over 25 million have died from AIDS since 1981 Millions more infected by the disease International health organizations, local governments have had some success controlling spread of some diseases Education about prevention of disease Making medicines cheaper, more available Epidemics

10. Aid to Regions Worldwide Events • December 2004, tsunami devastated large areas of Southeast Asia, killed over 225,000 people • Many individuals, governments, humanitarian organizations provide aid to regions hit by natural disasters • Hurricanes, earthquakes, floods also affect many areas of world • Natural disasters cause deaths, destroy homes, businesses Natural Disasters

12. Summarize What are some of the challenges facing people around the world? Answer(s): poverty, disease, natural disasters

13. Migration Push, Pull Factors Globalization • Many factors cause people to migrate to a new place • Some “push” people to leave homeland • Others “pull” people to new places • Push factors that displace people: • War • Persecution • Poverty • Pull factors include opportunities for jobs, better life • Migration changed by globalization • Migrants can quickly travel far from home • Can settle in places very different • Mixing of cultures can be dramatic Population Movement The movement of people around the world has increased dramatically in recent years. Some people move in search of better opportunities, while others are refugees, seeking safety in another nation.

14. Population Movement • Return to Homelands • Migrants often able to return, visit native countries • Easier to retain own cultures, languages, habits • Typical destinations, wealthy developed North American, European nations • Results of Migration • Often migrants find work, provide better life for selves, families • Sometimes fail to find jobs, face discrimination in new countries • Some think newcomers will take away jobs, services from native citizens • Urbanization • Migration also within countries; people moving from rural to urban areas • Fastest growing cities in developing countries, slower in developed countries; rapid urbanization main factor in worldwide population movement

15. Find the Main Idea What are some main reasons for population movement? Answer(s): to escape war, persecution, poverty; search for better jobs, education, better life