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Gender in Development Analysis: Changing Paradigms & Sustainable Solutions

Explore the socio-cultural impact of gender in development, from re-thinking gender in peacebuilding to SDGs post-2015. Discover the role of gender equity, challenges, and pathways to overcoming cultural barriers. Learn about strategic development goals and the UN Sustainable Development Summit.

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Gender in Development Analysis: Changing Paradigms & Sustainable Solutions

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  1. Gender and Development ICPS Course 2015 Henri Myrttinen hmyrttinen@international-alert.org

  2. Brief background • International Alert Working since 28 years in peacebuilding, currently in 20+ countries in Latin America, Africa, Middle East, Europe, Asia • Peacebuilding Issues Programme • Research & Gender Strand: • Re-thinking Gender in Peacebuilding • Measuring Peace Project

  3. Gender and Development • GAD, WID and gender mainstreaming: a primer and an analysis • Economic, social and developmental role of gender equity • Existing problems in gender equity • Gender, the MDGs and Post 2015 • Overcoming cultural barriers to gender equity • New directions in gender: possibilities for changing paradigms

  4. Gender – a quick re-cap • Not only about women, but importantly also about women • Gender (social, cultural) vs. biological sex • Gender about • Power • Identity • Norms and expectations • Values • Possibilities and vulnerabilities

  5. Gender, economy, society • Gender not only variable, needs to be seen in context and conjunction with age, class, education, caste, dis-/ability, marital status, ethnic background, location, time… • No society has achieved gender equality • Patriarchal dividends • Gender often central to opportunities for education, forms of labour, access to resources and information, gendered networks of patronage • Public vs. private, productive vs. reproductive labour

  6. WID, WAD, GAD… • ‘Development’ seen initially (and sometimes still) as ‘gender neutral’ • Women in Development (WID) – taking women’s particular needs and roles into account (early 1970s) • Women and Development – more focus on female agency (late 1970s) • Gender and development (GAD) – more focus on gender relations (1980s onwards) • Too simple? Too complex? • Is gender taken seriously?

  7. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2000-2015 • To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger • To achieve universal primary education • To promote gender equality • To reduce child mortality • To improve maternal health • To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases • To ensure environmental sustainability • To develop a global partnership for development

  8. Strategic Development Goals (SDGs) – ‘post-2015’ • End poverty in all its forms everywhere • End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture • Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages • Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all • Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls • Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all • Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all • Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all • Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

  9. SDGs (cont’d) • Reduce inequality within and among countries • Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable • Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns • Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts • Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development • Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss • Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels • Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

  10. SDGs (cont’d) • 169 proposed targets for these goals and 304 proposed indicators to show compliance • UN Sustainable Development Summit September 25th-27th, 2015 in New York • “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” • COP 21 in Paris, Dec 2015

  11. Overcoming cultural barriers when working on gender • Is gender relevant? (If people are involved in any way: yes) • Is gender a foreign import? (Only if humans and other multi-cellular animals are a foreign import to a given context) • Challenges: make gender relevant, make it tangible and visible • Sometimes better not to use the term, but focus on the issues

  12. New directions? • Gender mainstreaming (beyond rhetoric) • Gender-relational approaches • Men and boys as agents of change (and as victims) • Sexual and gender minorities

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