Mushroom Cultivation

Mushroom Cultivation Dr. Prachi Kshirsagar

Introduction to Pleurotus Sp • Oyester tropical edible mushroom - Pleurotus (Dhingiri) - basidiomycetes • Excellent nutritional value • Good source of dietary Protein • Cultivation of oyster mushroom having ability to convert lignocelullosic waste into high quality food material • Oyester mushroom was first cultivation in Germany by Flank (1917) • Known as ‘white vegetable’ or ‘boneless vegetarian meat’

Introduction to Pleurotus Sp • First cultivation of oyester mushroom by using Tree Stump and wood logs • Oyester mushroom can be grown at temperature 200C & relative humidity 80 to 90 % • It can be grown all over world like China, India, France, Germany and USA • Steps In Mushroom Cultivation • 1. Preparation of pure culture of Pleurotus • 2. Preparation of Spawn • 3. Substrate Preparation • 4.Spawning of Substrate • 5.Crop Management

Nutritional Value of Oyster Mushroom

Commonly cultivated Mushroom Species

Different Species of Oyster Mushroom • Pleurotus sajor – kaju • Pleurotus florida • Pleurotus sapidus • Pleurotus ostreatus • Pleurotus eous • Pleurotus membranaceous • Pleurotus citrinopileatus • Pleurotus flbellatus

Preparation of pure culture of Pleurotus Requirement • Inoculum: Fruiting body of Pleurotus • Glassware • Petriplates, glass rod, Beakers, Conical flask, test tube, etc. (Sterlize at 15 Ib pressure for 20 min at 1200C.) • Chemical: • Glucose, Agar-Agar powder, Distilled water, Alcohol • Other Requirement • Non-absorbent cotton, Aluminium foil, Autoclave, Laminar fresh air flow cabinet

Preparation of pure culture of Pleurotus Boil Peeled Potato (250 g) Filter through Muslin cloth Add 20 g Agar and Dextrose sugar Sterilize at 15Ib pressure (20 min.) Pouring in Petri Plate Inoculation of piece of Fruiting body of Pleurotus

Preparation of Spawn Good quality wheat grains Clean and dry wheat grains Soaked in water for (8 – 10 hrs) Boiled the wheat grains up to they become soft (avoid splitting) Remove excess water Spread on plastic sheet and add 4% CaCO3 Fill in conical flask or polythene bag (plugged with non absorbent cotton) Keep In autoclave at 15 Ib pressure at 1210C for 15 min Remove it from autoclave Inoculation with pure culture Incubate at room temperature (25±20C) Commercial spawn

Preparation of Substrate • Polythene bag (45×30 cm) • 2 kg straw soaked in water (12 hrs) – drained off (1 hr) – dipped in hot water (30 min) • Taken out from hot water and kept for cooling • Fill 1 kg straw in each bag (Sterilize) • Spawn of Pleurotus mix and spread properly • Mouth of bag tied with thread • Kept in room at temperature 20 – 300C • Cut the polythene bag after 15 -20 days when bag is full with mycellium • Sprinkled the water twice in a day • After 10 – 15 days fruiting body start appearing • 500 g to 2 kg yield from 1 Bed

Crop Management • Incubation • Spawn bags, trays or boxes arranged in dark room on raised platform • Optimum temperature for spawn running is 22 to 260C • Fruiting • Frequent spraying of water is required • Harvesting and Yield • Fruiting body should be harvested before spore formation

Steps in Mushroom Cultivation

Mushroom Cultivation