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Chapter 12

The Family. Chapter 12. Objectives. Describe the norms that influence the ways in which marriage patterns are organized around the world. Identify the basic societal needs that the institution of the family satisfies.

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Chapter 12

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  1. The Family Chapter 12

  2. Objectives • Describe the norms that influence the ways in which marriage patterns are organized around the world. • Identify the basic societal needs that the institution of the family satisfies. • Explain how American families begin & describe some of the disruptions they might face. • Analyze some of the trends in American family life currently being examined by sociologists.

  3. Family • a group of people who are related by marriage, blood or adoption & who often live together and share economic resources

  4. Nuclear Family • consists of 1 or more parents & their children • Family of Orientation: nuclear family into which one is born or adopted • Family of Procreation: nuclear family consisting of an individual, his or her spouse & their children

  5. Extended Family • consists of 2 or more generations • grandparents, parents, children, uncles, aunts & cousins may all live together

  6. Kinship • a network of people who are related by marriage, birth, or adoption

  7. Marriage & Kinship Patterns

  8. Marriage-Partner Patterns • Monogamy: marriage of 2 partners only • Polygamy: marriage with multiple partners

  9. Descent Patterns • Patrilineal Descent: kinship traced through father’s family • Matrilineal Descent: kinship traced through mother’s family • Bilateral Descent: kinship traced through both parents • important in matters of property ownership & inheritance.

  10. Residential Patterns • Patrilocality: newly married couple expected to live with or near husband’s parents • Matrilocality: newly married couple expected to live with or near wife’s parents • Bilocality: newly married couple allowed to choose • Neolocality: newly married couple free to choose their own locality

  11. Authority Patterns • Patriarchy: system in which men are dominant over women • Matriarchy: system in which women are dominant over men • Egalitarian: a family in which the man & woman share power

  12. Functions of the Family • regulation of sexual activity • Incest: taboo • reproduction • socialization • economic & emotional security

  13. Homogamy • marriage between individuals who have similar social characteristics

  14. Heterogamy • marriage between individuals who have different social characteristics

  15. Trends in American Family Life • delayed marriage • childlessness • dual-earner marriages • delayed childbearing • remarriage • 1-parent families

  16. CLASSWORK:CHAPTER 12 • Pg 304: #2-3 • Pg 317: #2-3 • Pg 318: #1-10 Identifying People & Ideas • Pg 318: #1-5 Understanding Main Ideas • Pg 319: #1-4 Building Social Studies Skills

  17. Exploring Cultural Diversity • Please turn in your books to Pg 298. • Read the following study on changing family life & answer the “Think About It” questions in your journals.

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