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APUSH Exam Review

Significant American Authors. APUSH Exam Review. Thomas Paine Common Sense Ben Franklin Autobiography Farmer’s Almanac Effect on colonial society?. Alexander Hamilton John Jay James Madison

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APUSH Exam Review

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  1. Significant American Authors APUSH Exam Review

  2. Thomas Paine • Common Sense • Ben Franklin • Autobiography • Farmer’s Almanac • Effect on colonial society? • Alexander Hamilton • John Jay • James Madison • Anonymous authors of The Federalist Papersin support of the ratification of the Constitution Colonial Early National Period

  3. The Knickerbocker Group – NY • Peaks 1810 – 1830, early romantic writers • First example of unique American literature • Washington Irving – Early American fiction, relies heavily on Dutch culture in New York • Sleepy Hollow (1820), Rip Van Winkle (1819) • James Fenimore Cooper – The LeatherstockingTales focus on American frontier life. • Last of the Mohicans (1826) • William Cullen Bryant – knickerbocker poet

  4. Transcendentalism: A philosophical movement that developed in the 1830s and 1840s in the New England region of the United States as a protest to the general state of culture and society. • Ralph Waldo Emerson – poet & philosopher • Ardent abolitionist • Henry David Thoreau • Like Emerson, a passionate abolitionist • On the Duty of Civil Disobedience (1849) • Walden: Or Life in the Woods (1854) • Effect on Gandhi & MLK? • Walt Whitman – romantic & unconventional poet, strays from stanzas and rhyme • Leaves of Grass (1855)

  5. More mid 19th century American Poets • Not official transcendentalists, but influenced by the movement • Henry Wordsworth Longfellow • John Greenleaf Whittier • Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes • Emily Dickinson • Explores themes of nature, love, death, immortality • Example of American romanticism • Work not published until after her death in 1886

  6. Antebellum Authors • Louisa May Alcott • Little Women (1868) • Edgar Allen Poe – dark romanticism expressed in short stories & poetry • The Raven (1845) • The Fall of the House of Usher (1839) • Nathaniel Hawthorne • The Scarlett Letter (1850) • 1st fully developed example of American romanticism • Herman Melville – another romantic writer • Moby Dick (1851)

  7. Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin - 1852 So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln What theme of slavery was the focus of the book? Role in the build up to the Civil War? Southern response? Who is Hinton R. Helper?

  8. Gilded Age Writers • Mark Twain  • 1st American celebrity • Novelist, journalist, humorist, satirist, & anti-imperialist • The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884)

  9. Gilded Age Writers • Horatio Alger • Prolific juvenile fiction writer • Focused on virtue, industry, honesty • Pure living will lead to success • Helen Hunt Jackson • A Century of Dishonor (1881) – abuse of Natives by U.S. Gov’t • Jacob Riis • Photojournalist concerned with the plight of “new immigrants” in unsanitary urban areas • How the Other Half Lives(1890)

  10. Upton Sinclair • Significant Muckraker • The Jungle (1906) • Exposes unsanitary conditions of the meat packing industry • Greatly influenced others to investigate businesses

  11. Jack London • Candid portrayal of contemporary life in America in early 20th century • Work focuses on nature & social problems • Uses Pacific Northwest & Alaska as settings • Call of the Wild (1903) • White Fang (1906)

  12. Harlem Renaissance • Langston Hughes • Zora Neale Hurston • Claude McKay • Literary leaders of the flowering of affluent black culture during the Roaring 20s in Harlem, NYC

  13. The Lost Generation • Group of disenchanted American authors active in the Roaring 20s after WWI, many lived & worked in Europe • Writer Gertrude Stein coins the term • F. Scott Fitzgerald • The Great Gatsby (1925) • Ernest Hemmingway • A Farwell to Arms (1929) – his personal WWI experiences • T.S. Elliot – poet • The Waste Land (1922)

  14. More 1920s writers • William Faulkner • Mississippi born author, works focused on a fictional deep south filled with layers tradition & pageantry • Sinclair Lewis • Known his insightful and critical views of American society and capitalist values, as well as for their strong characterizations of the working class. • Babbitt (1922)

  15. Modern Cultural Writers • Dr. Benjamin Spock • The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care (1945) • Betty Friedan • The Feminine Mystique (1963) • Launched the modern women’s rights movement • Attacks the suburban, post WWII “cult of domesticity”

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