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Table 1. Recognized families of pathogenesis-related proteins

Table 1. Recognized families of pathogenesis-related proteins Family Type member Properties Gene symbols PR-1 Tobacco PR-1a Unknown Ypr1 PR-2 Tobacco PR-2 β-1,3-glucanase Ypr2 , [ Gns2 (‘ Glb ’)] PR-3 Tobacco P, Q Chitinase type I, II, IV, V, VI, VII Ypr3 , Chia

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Table 1. Recognized families of pathogenesis-related proteins

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  1. Table 1. Recognized families of pathogenesis-related proteins Family Type member Properties Gene symbols PR-1 Tobacco PR-1a Unknown Ypr1 PR-2 Tobacco PR-2 β-1,3-glucanase Ypr2, [Gns2 (‘Glb’)] PR-3 Tobacco P, Q Chitinase type I, II, IV, V, VI, VII Ypr3, Chia PR-4 Tobacco ‘R’ Chitinase type I, II Ypr4, Chid PR-5 Tobacco S Thaumatin-like YPR-5 PR-6 Tomato Inhibitor I Proteinase-inhibitor Ypr6, Pis (‘Pin’) PR-7 Tomato P69 Endoproteinase Ypr7 PR-8 Cucumber chitinase Chitinase type III Ypr8, Chib PR-9 Tobacco “lignin-forming Peroxidase Ypr9, Prx peroxidase” PR-10 Parsley “PR1” Ribonuclease-like Ypr10 PR-11 Tobacco “class V” chitinase Chitinase, type I Ypr11, Chic PR-12 Radish Rs-AFP3 Defensin Ypr12 PR-13 Arabidopsis THI2.1 Thionin Ypr13, Thi PR-14 Barley LTP4 Lipid-transfer protein Ypr14, Ltp PR-15 Barley OxOa (germin) Oxalate oxidase Ypr15 PR-16 Barley OxOLP Oxalate-oxidase-like Ypr16 PR-17 Tobacco PRp27 Unknown Ypr17 Further details can be found at http://www.bio.uu.nl/~fytopath/PR-families.htm. Van Loon LC, Rep M, Pieterse CMJ (2006) Significance of inducible defense-related proteins in infected plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 44:135-162.

  2. Osmotin (ug/ml) 0 1 5 7.5 10 20 0.005 PGC1α mRNA 0.003 0.001 0 Control 1ug/ml 7.5ug/ml 10ug/ml Osmotin Treatment (48h) Osmotin Promotes AMPK Activation And PGC1α Gene Expression in Human Biopsy Liver Cells

  3. PR-5/Thaumatin-like Proteins Occur In Insects, Nematodes and Some Fungi • Sequence and structural similarity with plant PR-5 proteins • As families Functions defense against pathogen Innate Immunity conidial germination ?

  4. Are PR-5 Domains Equivalent To Mammalian gC1q Protein Domains? Innate/Adaptive immunity Energy metabolism Adiponectin Hibernation-specific proteins TNFalfa Complement C1q Brain-specific proteins Structural proteins Neurotransmitters? Collagen

  5. What Are Functions Of PR-5 Domain Proteins In Plants? Animals gC1q Plants PR-5 ? Energy Metabolism ↓ Carbon utilization Energy Metabolism Defense Defense

  6. Mutation Of PR5-kinases Results In Nighttime Starch Accumulation Col-0 PR-5k2-1 PR5k2-4 EOD Starch stain End of dark Vec-1 PR5k3 RNAi 15-4 PR5k3 RNAi 22-6 PR-5k2-1 PR-5k2-4 PR5K2 (At4g18250) (853aa) KINASE THN THN THN PR5K3 (At5g38280) (665 aa) KINASE PR-5k3 RNAi PR5Ks Function Energy Metabolism Or Carbon Utilization

  7. increase decrease Starch degradation defect Intracellular Sucrose high Shortage of non-C nutrient Defect in cell wall biosynthesis Leaf Nighttime Starch Degradation Is Stimulated By Carbon Or Energy Shortage STARCH Dark PR5K? Abiotic/biotic stress PR5K? PR5K? Energy shortage Extracellular sugar low PR5K? Energy & C shortage sugar C excess

  8. Constitutive Induced

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