THE IRAQ WAR

1. EQ:What were the causes and effects of the Iraq war? THE IRAQ WAR Anna, Kyra, Tyisha, and Max

2. Bell-Ringer:Define 9/11, WMD's (Weapons of Mass Destruction) and dictator. Who is Saddam Hussein? Agenda Bell Ringer Definitions Group Activity Background Powerpoint/Videos Exit Slip

3. Important Definitions WMD's- Weapons of Mass Destruction AXIS OF EVIL- List of terrorist countries stated by Bush TERRORISM- Using Force to damage or harm someone or something SADDAM HUSSEIN- Dictator of Iraq IRAQI FREEDOM- Freedom of citizens in Iraq to practice under their type of government BAGHDAD- The capital of Iraq COALITION- An alliance for combined action of political parties for a government DICTATOR- A ruler with total power over a country, has obtained power by force SHIITE/SUNNI- The two main branches of the Muslim religion

4. Class Activity: Political Cartoon Rotation • Each group gets a photo • Write 2-3 points/observations per photo • Use photos to try and answer the following questions by the end of the activity: • Who was the war between? • What were the countries' motives? • How long did it last (approximately)? • Who was the President when the war began? • Who was the leader of the Iraq? • Write Answers down in notes

5. Background: -There has always been conflict between the Sunni and Shiite groups in Iraq - Iraq is run by a Shiite dictator: Saddam Hussein - The U.S. sided with the Sunnis because the Shiites owned a lot of oil - By siding with the Sunnis, the U.S. would be able to get more oil because the Sunnis are a smaller group

6. 9/11/2001 Osama Bin Laden ordered people to hijack planes then fly into the World Trade Center and Pentagon because Al Qaeda did not like the way the U.S got involved in everything.

7. January 29, 2002 When President Bush gave his 2002 State of the Union Address, he created the "Axis of Evil" (Iran, Iraq and North Korea) and "The War on Terror". President Bush also declared that Iraq had Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD's). Bush said this to make Iraq seen as more of a threat although at the time they had no WMD's.

8. April 20, 2002 The U.S. government created a list of 7 terrorist nations. The countries named were Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Cuba, Libya, Syria and Sudan. This caused tension especially between the U.S and Iraq.

9. February 15, 2003 Many protests, including the largest protest ever,were caused by outrage over the U.S. and Iraq War. In these protests, there were many anti-war organizations and the largest added up to over 3 million people (it took place in Rome). People gathered in 600 cities to show their outrage. Iraq's government was unhappy with the protests and immediately wanted to fight the U.S. government.

10. March 19- April 3, 2003 and December 13, 2003 Operation Iraqi Freedomgave Hussein 48 hours to leave Iraq. Bush sent military into Iraq. Bush also had combat operations to stabilize Iraq and support reconstruction. Later U.S forces found Hussein 6 ft under ground, not far from his hometown Tikrit. Bush then addressed the nation saying “A dark and painful era is over”.

11. February 5, 2004 Hussein’s government wanted to start a WMDprogram. Bush was scared that Hussein would pass weapons and materials to terrorist networks. Hussein started a new nuclear program for the WMD's and the U.S reported it back to the CIA. Everyone suspected that the U.S government was lying about the nuclear program.

12. September 16, 2004 A classified National Intelligence Estimate warned the government of the bad possibilities to come from the Iraq war. One of the possible outcomes was acivil war.UN secretary general Kofi Annan declared the Iraq war illegal.He said “Yes, if you wish. I have indicated it was not in conformity with the UN charter from our point of view, from charter point of view it was illegal.”

13. October 19- November 5, 2005 Saddam was put on trial for violating human rights and was sentenced to death.

14. October 19- November 5, 2005 After Saddam's trial, he was executed by hanging. He was executed because of his crimes against the Shiites, Kurds,and citizens ofDujail.The execution method was the same one used on the innocent people he had killed in Abu Ghraib. (Abu Ghraib is a prison known for torture and abuse of prisoner's located in the Iraq's capital, Baghdad.)

15. November 8, 2006 Donald Rumsfeld, the U.S. Secretary of Defense at the time, signed a letter approving civilian contractors to deprive prisoners of sleep by blasting music at the highest volume, making prisoners stand for long periods of time and giving them uncomfortable seating. Other generals also accused him having a lack of strategic competence and poor military planning. Rumsfeld then resigned from office.

16. December 21, 2006 In the month of December, 79 American soldiers died making the body count for U.S. 3000.This was a wake up call to the Government of America that the war needed to end.

17. December 31,2006- October 21,2011 While the Iraq War was still taking place, President Obama made an announcement promising to end the war. The U.S then began pulling soldiers out of the camps.

18. December 18, 2011 The last of the U.S soldiers crossed the highway from Iraq to Kuwait. Most of America was ecstatic that the war had ended after 8 and a half years of fighting.

19. Exit Slip: Review Activity Questions Answer the questions below again using what you learned in the lesson: • Whowas the war between? • What were the countries' motives? • How long did it last (approximately)? • Who was the President when the war began? • Who was the leader of Iraq?

20. Exit Slip Answers • The war was between the U.S. (who was specifically on the side of the Sunnis) and Iraq. • The U.S. claimed the reason was that Saddam Hussein had WMD's but it also had to do with the oil in Iraq. • The war lasted 8 1/2 years. • President Bush was the current president. • Saddam Hussein was Iraq's Shiite dictator.