1 / 19

Respiratory System

Respiratory System. RESPIRATION 3 levels. External: Moving gases from outside environment into lungs and back. Breathing. Internal: Moving O2 from lungs through bloodstream to mitochondrion of tissue cells and CO2 back. Chemical: Aerobic respiration within the mitochondrion.

destiny-compton
Download Presentation

Respiratory System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Respiratory System

  2. RESPIRATION3 levels • External: • Moving gases from outside environment into lungs and back. • Breathing. • Internal: • Moving O2 from lungs through bloodstream to mitochondrion of tissue cells and CO2 back. • Chemical: • Aerobic respiration within the mitochondrion. • C6H12O6 + 6O2 --- 6CO2 + 6H2O + "e" • ADP + P + "e" ----- ATP

  3. Control of Breathing • You breath to get O2 to Mitochondrion of cells to carry out the breakdown of glucose. • C6H12O6 + 6O2 --- 6CO2 + 6H2O + "e" • 6 O2's in equals 6 CO2's out • The control of breathing is maintaining a delicate balance (Homeostasis) between the concentrations (pressures) of these two gasses in your blood.

  4. Respiration / Breathing Control Center • Located in Medulla /Pons of brain. • Coordinates with sensors in spinal cord, rib muscles and lungs. • Monitors pH of blood and signals rib muscles and diaphragm to contract / relax.

  5. Trachea Body Cells Pharynx Sinuses Bronchi Bronchioles Larynx Nasal Pharynx Alveoli Bronchiole Tubes Blood Capillaries Red Blood Cells Glottis Mitochondria Nasal Openings Hemoglobin Place in order O2 would follow.

  6. Respiration Center in Medulla sends impulse to intercostals and diaphragm to contract (14 / min) Air is drawn into lungs and due to pressure and concentration differences O2 & CO2 diffuse into and out of blood capillaries through alveoli. BREATHING

  7. Breathing (2) • Stretch sensors in lungs and pH sensors in brain and spinal cord react and control breathing center impulses. (Feedback systems) • if stretch sensors detect overfilling - suppress impulses until overridden by pH sensors. • pH sensors monitor build-up of carbonic acid---as pH goes down in blood Pons / Medulla increase impulse rate and visa versa

  8. Breathing (3) • O2 level has little to do with the rate as monitors deal primarily with CO2 levels....remember 6O2's in = 6CO2's out • Can consciously override the system but only temporarily....I'm going to hold my breath until I die!!!!!!

  9. STEPS IN RESPIRATION • Medulla sends signal out to rib muscles and diaphragm. • Rib muscles and diaphragm contract (ribs move upwards and outwards and diaphragm moves downwards) expanding the chest cavity. • A negative pressure or vacuum is created causing outside air to be drawn inwards by BULK FLOW.

  10. STEPS IN RESPIRATION (2) • Air moves in through nose, sinuses, nasal pharynx, past epiglottis and through glottis, down trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and into alveoli of lungs. • Oxygen DIFFUSES from alveoli into blood capillaries and into red blood cells where it is picked up and carried by hemoglobin. • Oxygen moves by BULK FLOW throughout blood circulation to cells where concentrations are lower

  11. STEPS IN RESPIRATION (3) • Oxygen DIFFUSES out of hemoglobin in red blood cells and into cells and finally to mitochondria. • Cellular respiration occurs and oxygen in consumed and carbon dioxide is generated as a waste gas. • Carbon dioxide DIFFUSES out of cells and into blood capillaries where it moves through red blood cells and is converted to bicarbonate ions and carried in the blood serum as carbonic acid.

  12. STEPS IN RESPIRATION (4) • Carbonic acid moves by BULK FLOW throughout blood circulation and back to lung capillaries. • Carbonic acid moves through red blood cells, is converted back to carbon dioxide and DIFFUSES into alveoli of lungs. • Medulla signals rib muscles and diaphragm to relax, (ribs move down and inwards and diaphragm moves upwards) causing a positive pressure in chest cavity.

  13. STEPS IN RESPIRATION (5) • Air is forced back out of the system by BULK FLOW. • Air moves out of alveoli of lungs, through bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea, through glottis and past epiglottis, up through nasal pharynx, sinuses and out through the nose.

  14. Blood Carriers of Gas • O2 diffuses from lungs into blood capillaries to RBC and is picked up by iron atom in Hemoglobin molecule. • CO2 diffuses out of Mitochondrian of cells, into capillaries and through RBC • in RBC CO2 + H20 --- H2CO3 (carbonic acid) • Hemo causes change of H2CO3 to HCO3 + H+ ions (bicarbonate) • Bicarbonate diffuses out of RBC and into blood serum • H+ ions carried by Hemoglobin • * In lungs reaction is reversed • HCO3 + H - H2CO3 - H2O + CO2 • CO2 diffuses out of blood into alveoli

More Related