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Chapter 14 Section 2

Chapter 14 Section 2. The SUN. The sun’s Interior. The sun’s interior consists of the core, the radiation zone, and the convection zone.

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Chapter 14 Section 2

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  1. Chapter 14 Section 2 The SUN

  2. The sun’s Interior • The sun’s interior consists of the core, the radiation zone, and the convection zone. • The Core is at the center of the sun. This is where the sun’s energy is produced. The core has a radius of about 200,000km and a temperature near 15,000,000 degrees Celsius. • The Radiation Zone is a very dense region about 300,000 km thick. The atoms in this zone are so closely packed that light, which is absorbed and released by atoms along the way, takes more than 100,000 years to pass through this zone.

  3. The Convection Zone is a region about 200,000km thick where hot and cool gases circulate in convection currents. Hot gases rise from the interior while cooler gases sink toward the interior. This is one way that the sun’s energy reaches the surface.

  4. The Sun’s Atmosphere • The Photosphere is where the gases get thick enough to see. The photosphere is what we know as the surface of the sun. It has a temperature of about 6,000 degrees Celsius and is about 600km thick. • The Chromospheres is a thin region below the corona, only 3,000km thick. Like the corona, the deep, red chromospheres is too faint to see unless there is a total solar eclipse. It ranges in temperature from 4,000 to 50,000 degrees celsius.

  5. Corona forms the sun’s outer atmosphere and can extend outward a distance equal to 10-12 times the diameter of the sun. The gases in the corona are so thin that it is visible only during a total solar eclipse. The corona can reach temperatures up to 2,000,000 degrees Celsius. As the corona extends it thins out and becomes solar winds

  6. Energy From the Sun • The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion. • Nuclear Fusion happens when two atomic nuclei combine, forming a larger, more massive nucleus and releasing huge amount of energy. • Within the sun, hydrogen atoms join together to form helium. • In the core of the sun nuclear fusion occurs where there is high temperature and pressure.

  7. Features on the Sun • Sunspots Are areas of gas on the sun’s surface that are cooler than the gases around them. • Prominences are huge reddish loops of gas. • Solar flares An eruption of gas from the sun’s surface that occurs when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect.

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