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Hot-Line Agreement

Hot-Line Agreement. By: Oliver Birch, Thomas Buisson and Jasper Konig. What is the Hot-Line agreement?. The direct communication between the US and Russia, Washington and Moscow, is known as the “Hot Line”.  Also known as the Direct Communication Link (DCL)

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Hot-Line Agreement

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  1. Hot-Line Agreement By: Oliver Birch, Thomas Buisson and Jasper Konig

  2. What is the Hot-Line agreement? • The direct communication between the US and Russia, Washington and Moscow, is known as the “Hot Line”.  • Also known as the Direct Communication Link (DCL) • Firstly set up in 1963 by the heads of the governments of the US and Russia.

  3. Background information • After the Cuban Missile • Later improved in September 1971 by a group working with the two SALT delegations. • In 1983, President Reagan proposed three new measures in order to improve communications even more:

  4. Purpose • It was established in order to decrease tensions and eliminate the danger of misunderstandings or miscalculations between the two countries that could lead to a nuclear war. • It was also the first time that the two sides acknowledged that with intercontinental missile systems, they required better communications.

  5. Who were the participants? • Direct communications link between U.S. and Soviet heads of state for use in "time of emergency”

  6. Timeline • In 1954, The Soviet proposed safeguards against surprise attacks. • In 1958, the Soviet Union join Conference of Experts on Surprise Attack in Geneva. • In 1961, President John F. Kennedy -“Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World,” • In December 1962, a U.S paper presented to a UN group an idea of direct communications between Moscow and Washington • In June, 1963, at Geneva, U.S and Soviet Union signed the “Memorandum of Understanding Regarding the Establishment of a Direct Communication Link.” • In 1971, 1984 and again in 1988 the agreement was modified

  7. Historic events at the time • Soviet Missiles were not as powerful as the American ones – IRMS placed Cuba • “Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World” • Limited Test Ban Treaty

  8. Bombs • The W48 • Mk 57 (aka B57)

  9. LTBT- 1963 • The Limited Test Ban Treaty was signed in 1963. • Its main objective was to prohibit nuclear weapon test explosions and any other nuclear explosions in three environments: in the atmosphere, in outer space and underwater, but does did prohibit underground nuclear explosion

  10. Was it worthy? Loopholes? • During the Arab-Israeli war in 1967 • Potential lack of precision in reception or through incorrect translation.

  11. Implementation • Chief Soviet negotiator at the Geneva disarmament conference, Mr. SemyonTsarapkin announced on April 5, 1963; • That the U.S.S.R. would agree to the immediate establishment of a direct communications link with the United States for use in an emergency, "without waiting for the implementation of general and complete disarmament."

  12. THE END

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