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Endocrine system

Endocrine system. Chrysta Mateo Diana Sanchez Veronica Rivera Period: 4. Vocabulary. Endocrine system- a system that consists of a group of ductless glands that secrete substances(hormones) into the blood stream. Adrenal gland- two endocrine glands located above each kidney.

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Endocrine system

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  1. Endocrine system Chrysta Mateo Diana Sanchez Veronica Rivera Period: 4

  2. Vocabulary • Endocrine system- a system that consists of a group of ductless glands that secrete substances(hormones) into the blood stream. • Adrenal gland- two endocrine glands located above each kidney. • Hormones- chemical substance secreted by an organ or gland. • Ovaries-endocrine gland or gonad that produces hormones and the female sex cell or ovum. • Pancreas- gland that is dorsal to the stomach; secretes insulin and digestive juices. • Parathyroid Glands- four small glands located on the thyroid gland; regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism. • Pineal body- glandlike structure in the brain.

  3. Pituitary Gland- small, rounded endocrine gland at the base of the brain; regulates function of other endocrine glands and body processes. • Placenta- temporary endocrine gland created during pregnancy to provide nourishment for the fetus, the after birth. • Testes-gonads or endocrine glands that are located in the scrotum of the male and that produce sperm and male hormones. • Thymus-organ in the upper part of the chest, lymphatic tissue and endocrine gland that atrophies at puberty. • Thyroid gland-endocrine gland that is located in neck and regulates body metabolism.

  4. Careers • Endocrinologist • Salary-$ 188,000 • Education- 4 year medical school program. • 3-4 years of residency in internal medicine. • Description- endocrinologist treat and manage chronic diseases and disorders of the endocrine system. • Nuclear Medicine Technologist • Salary- $54,000-$59,000 • Education- associates and bachelors degree. • Description-operate high-tech medical equipment used in the diagnosis of many diseases and injuries. • RN (registered nurse) • Salary-$52,000 • Education-college and possibly an advanced degree • Description-work to promote good health and prevent illness. Educate patients and public about medical conditions.

  5. ABBREVIATIONS and TERMINOLOGY ACTH- adrenocorticotropic hormone acr/o-extremities ADH- antidiuretic hormone adren/o- adrenal glands DM- diabetes mellitus cortic/o- cortex FSH- follicle-stimulating hormone hormon/o- hormone GH- growth hormone medull/o- medulla, marrow HGF- human growth factor pancreat/o- pancreas ICSH- interstitial cell- stimulating hormone parathyroid/o- parathyroid IDDM- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus pineal/o- pineal gland JOD-juvenile- onset diabetes pituitar/o- pituitary glands LH-luteinizing hormone thym/o- thymus gland PTH- parathyroid hormone thyr/o- thyroid gland STH- somatotropic hormone tox/o, toxic/o- poison T3-triodothyronine -trophy, troph/o-nourishment, growth T4- thyroxine TSH- thyroid- stimulating hormone

  6. DESEASES Acromegaly- is a result of an oversecretion of somatotropin (growth hormone) in an adult. It’s usually caused by a benign tumor of the pituitary called an adenoma. Bones of the hands, feet, and face enlarge and create a grotesque appearance. The skin and tongue thicken, and slurred speech develops. Acromegaly eventually causes cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Treatment- Surgical removal and/or radiation of the tumor frequently recurs.

  7. Addison’s Disease • Addison's disease is a rare endocrine or hormonal disorder that affects about 1 in 100,000 people. • It occurs in all age groups and afflicts men and women equally. It occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and, in some cases, aldosterone • For this reason, it is sometimes called chronic adrenal insufficiency or hypocortisolism • Symptoms: • Muscle weakness and fatigue • Weight loss and decreased appetite • Darkening of your skin (hyperpigmentation) • Low blood pressure, even fainting • Salt craving • Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) • Nausea, diarrhea or vomiting • Muscle or joint pains • Irritability • Depression

  8. Dwarfism • Growth hormone deficiency refers to abnormally short height in childhood due to the lack of growth hormone. • Symptoms: • Children with growth hormone deficiency have a slow or flat rate of growth, usually less than 2 inches per year. The slow growth may not appear until a child is 2 or 3 years old. • The child will be much shorter than most or all children of the same age and gender. • Children with growth hormone deficiency still have normal body proportions, as well as normal intelligence. However, their face often appears younger than children of the same age. They may also have a chubby body build. • In older children, puberty may come late or may not come at all. • Treatment: • A child's short stature will often affect self-esteem. Providing emotional support is an important part of treatment. Children may be teased by classmates and playmates. Family, friends, and teachers should emphasize the child's other skills and strengths. • Treatment involves growth hormone injections given at home. Patients may receive growth hormone several times a week or once a day.

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