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The 1980s

The 1980s. 1980 United States Hockey. “You were born to be a player. You were meant to be here. This moment is yours.” -Herb Brooks http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gfD134ED54. Coach Herb Brooks, Coach of University of Minnesota’s Golden Gopher Hockey Team

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The 1980s

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  1. The 1980s

  2. 1980 United States Hockey “You were born to be a player. You were meant to be here. This moment is yours.” -Herb Brooks http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gfD134ED54

  3. Coach Herb Brooks, Coach of University of Minnesota’s Golden Gopher Hockey Team Form new Olympic hockey team out of college players Chose nine players from U of M. Said to be huge underdogs Pre-Olympics, played 61 games (42-16-3) - Wins, Losses, Overtime Losses Seeded 7th in the 12-Nation Pool Miracle On Ice

  4. Miracle On Ice • US vs. Sweden, Tie 2-2 • US vs. Czechoslovakia, Win 7-3 • US vs. Norway, Win 5-1 • US vs. Romania, Win 7-2 • US vs. West Germany, Win 4-2 • Next up was the Soviets

  5. Miracle On IceThe Soviet Team • The US had lost to the Soviets 10-3 in their last exhibition game at Madison Square Garden right before the Olympics • Soviet Union had outscored their opponents 51-11 in last 5 games

  6. “Do you believe in miracles?” • Soviet vs. US game was extremely close the whole game. • US had first goal, Soviet’s answered back 3 minutes later • 10 Minutes left, US scores making it 4-3 • United States goes on to play and beat Finland 4-2 for the Gold Medal. • Made into a movie in 2004 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvJ4fqaYFq0

  7. 1980 Olympic Boycott • 1980 summer Olympics were to be held in Moscow, Russia • 1979 USSR invaded Afghanistan • Jimmy Carter gave an ultimatum on January 20, 1980

  8. The ultimatum • Jimmy Carter stated that either the USSR get out of Afghanistan or the US will hold a boycott of the summer Olympics. • Results were that 65 nations boycotted the summer games • The 1984 summer Olympics in LA were unsuccessfully boycotted by the USSR

  9. Domestic PoliciesSo.. What is Reaganomics ? Let’s find out

  10. The President of the U.S during 1980s. Take a look and Enjoy. He says What’s up how you do.

  11. Reagoanomics • The 4 pillars of Reagan’s economic policy were to RUDUCE the growth of government spending, REDUCE income tax and capital tax, REDUCE government regulation of economy, and control money supply to reduce inflation. • It refers to the economic policies promoted by the U.S President Ronald Reagan during 1980s. These policies are commonly associated with supply-side economics, or pejoratively as trickle-down economics.

  12. The Historical context

  13. Getting into the history. Reagan's approach was a departure from his immediate predecessors. Reagan enacted lower marginal tax rates in conjunction with simplified income tax codes and continued deregulation. During Reagan's presidency the annual deficits averaged 4.2% of GDPafter inheriting an annual deficit of 2.7% of GDP in 1980 under president Carter.The rate of growth in federal spending fell from 4% under Jimmy Carter to 2.5% under Ronald Reagan. GDP per working-age adult, which had increased at only a 0.8% annual rate during the Carter administration, increased at a 1.8% rate during the Reagan administration. The increase in productivity growth was even higher: output per hour in the business sector, which had been roughly constant in the Carter years, increased at a 1.4% rate in the Reagan years • Prior to the Reagan administration, The U.S economy experienced a decade of rising unemployment and inflation. Political pressure favored stimulus resulting in an expansion of the money supply. Many presidents tried to solve this problem.

  14. 1. Explain the economic theory of “Reaganomics • In his 1980 campaign speeches, Reagan presented his economic proposals as merely a return to the free-enterprise principles that had been in favor before the Great Depression. At the same time he attracted a following from the supply-side economics movement, formed in opposition to Keynesian demand-stimulus economics. This movement produced some of the strongest supporters for Reagan's policies during his term in office.The Laffer curve illustrates the theory of tax rate elasticity. Cutting tax rates can increase revenue if the tax rate is beyond the revenue-maximizing tax rate (if the tax rate is to the right of the peak), and decrease revenue if the tax rate is to the left of the peak.The contention of the proponents, that the tax rate cuts would more than pay for themselves, was influenced by a theoretical taxation model based on the elasticity of tax rates, known as the Laffer curve. Arthur Laffer's model predicts that excessive tax rates actually reduce potential tax revenues, by lowering the incentive to produce; the model also predicts that insufficient tax rates (rates below the optimum level for a given economy) lead directly to a reduction in tax revenues

  15. 2. All of the following were part of Reaganomics EXCEPT • A. cuts of benefits from Medicare and Social Security to seniors C. deregulation of business and industry D. tough stand against federal labor unions E. the theory of supply-side economics

  16. Was Reaganomics successful? Reduced Inflation Inflation rate before Reagan administration: 12.5% By 1986: 1.1% Private Wealth Grew by 8% Interest Rates Fell 6 points Unemployment 8mil new jobs Unemployment fell by 5% Tax Revenue Increased steadily during administration

  17. After Reagan’s administration.. • America able to fund a 50% increase in defense spending 1/3 of global GDP compared to 1/5 before Reagan American companies constituted 57% of global market capitalization U.S. assets continued to grow until they reached half of the worlds economics assets

  18. Before Reagan During presidency

  19. Critics of Reaganomics… • Claim Reagan was passing down the problem of federal deficit to future generations • The increase in private wealth dwarfs the increases in debt • He sharply reduced the nation’s debt by negotiating a Social Security • Commission regime • The main cause for increased debt was not because of his economic policies

  20. Foreign Policies Iran-Contra Affair

  21. The Iran Contra Affair

  22. BACKGROUND • Iran - Huge enemy of US • Hostages being held in Lebanon by the Hezbollah* • Contras - Rebels against communist government in Nicaragua*

  23. The Affair • Began July 1985- McFarlane* asked permission from Reagan to meet with Israel & send weapons to Iran. • Reagan denies until finds out they are anti-communist • Israel suggests deal with McFarlane - selling arms to Iran may help release hostages UNITED STATES ISRAEL IRAN

  24. McFarlane resigns December 5, 1985 • Replaced by John Poindexter • Lt. Col. Oliver North proposed new plan* • December 7, 1985 Reagan proposed plan- arms go to leaders of moderate Iran army, not the group itself • Poindexter authorized North’s plan • January 1986- Poindexter proposes plan to Reagan * Poindexter McFarlane North

  25. Reaganapproves plan • No remaining hostages released in February 1986 (4 Left) • Late July, another hostage released • William Casey (Head of CIA) suggested sending Iran small missiles as a thank you for releasing hostage. Casey

  26. Iran Contra Affair Revealed • Leaked by Lebanese Magazine November 3, 1986 • Discovered after airlift of guns downed over Nicaragua • Oliver North destroyed all or hid all evidence (papers, notebooks, ect.) between November 21-25, 1986- said was protecting lives • Notebooks containing information from January 1, 1984 to November 25, 1986 • Poindexter resigned and North was fired • Determined that Reagan had no knowledge of the actions taken behind his back • 2:45

  27. ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 12.) Congress did not allow any financial aid to the Contras in Nicaragua. But the US needed to get the hostages released in Lebanon, so the Reagan administration shipped tons of weapons to Iran through Israel and did not inform Congress. The profits from the sales were secretly given to the Contras. Reagan was ultimately cleared from being involved in this scandal, but still received a ton of criticism. 13.) Lt. Col. Oliver North put millions of dollars from the arms sales towards giving money and weapons to the anti-communist rebels in Nicaragua.

  28. REAGAN’S REALATIONS WITH THE USSR

  29. Foreign Policy • Increased U.S. military and weapons systems • 1981-1985: Pentagon budget $150-250 billion • “nuclear warning shots” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5dO6rb8qcCo

  30. Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) • 1983- space based missile-defense system. • Labeled “Star Wars” • Intensified arms race • Weapon for peace- destroys other weapons, not people

  31. 1985- Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of Soviet Union and wanted to ease tensions between U.S. and Soviet Union • Soviet Union’s military could not match up to United States military, which made Soviet Union surrender • 1987- President Reagan and Gorbachev signed Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, to eliminate nuclear arsenal and troops from Eastern Europe and withdraw from Afghanistan

  32. Prince “Ronnie Talk to Russia” Ronnie talk to Russia before its too late before its too late before its too late Ronnie talk to Russia before its too late before they blow up the world You go to the zoo, but you can't feed guerillas can't feed guerillas Left-wing guerillas You can go to the zoo, but you can't feed guerillas who wanna blow up the world Ronnie if you're dead before I get to meet ya before I get to meet ya before I get to meet ya Ronnie if you're dead before I get to meet ya don't say I didn't warn ya Ronnie talk to Russia before its too late before its too late before its too late Ronnie talk to Russia before its too late before they blow up the world before they blow up the world Don’tcha, don't you blow up my world

  33. Prince Prince • produced ten platinum albums • and thirty Top 40 singles during • his career • several hundred unreleased songs • in his "vault" • 7 Grammy Awards throughout • his career • In 1993, during negotiations • regarding the release of Prince's • album The Gold Experience, a legal • battle ensued between Warner • Bros. and Prince over the • artistic and financial • control of Prince's • output.

  34. MUSIC OF THE 1980s Famous Artists: Run DMC, LL Cool J, Ice T, Prince, Michael Jackson, Beastie Boys, Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, Tina Turner

  35. Hip Hop Music of the 1980s Started becoming more diverse Started adding different sounds and instruments to the songs In the 1980s, started to spread into more countries other than the US Strong Latino and African American ties “New School Hip Hop” 1983-84 introduced artists like LL Cool J and Run DMC New attitudes portrayed by rappers contrasted with the disco and funk attitudes and clothes of previous decades

  36. MTV • Launched on August 1, 1981 at 12:01am • Music Videos, Music News, Video Jockeys • Hardly anything like it is today • First music video played on MTV: “Video Killed The Radio Star” by the Buggles • 1984- First Video Music Awards

  37. MTV’s Video Jockeys • 5 Original- • J.J. Jackson • Mark Goodman • Nina Blackwood • Alan Hunter • Martha Quinn Introduced music videos on MTV “I AM proud of what it was like in the early days and thankful to have been a part of it when the M actually stood for Music not Moronic as it does these days” -Nina Blackwood

  38. MJ=Michael Jackson, also known as the King of Pop!

  39. Achievements and his influence on the world • Multiple Guinness World Records; 13 Grammy Awards (Grammy Legend Award and Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award), 26 American Music Awards, most-awarded recording artist in the history of pop music, sale of over 250 million records worldwide. • Also was one of the World’s most prominent humanitarians; personally and trough his Heal the World Foundation. • He donated over 300 million dollars in charity, was invited to White House to receive an award from the President Ronald Reagan for his support of Charities. • Born in 8/29/1958, started singing in a band called “Jackson 5.” • Nominated as the most successful entertainer of all time by Guinness world records. • Became a dominant figure in pop music. The music videos for his songs. Transformed the medium into an art form and a promotional tool. “Thriller” is the best-selling album of all time. One of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame twice. Inducted into the Dance Hall of Fame as the first dancer from the world of pop and Rock & Roll. • Contributions: a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.

  40. Let’s check out the Legend and King of pop’s performance. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpQIBSyXYEM&feature=related 3:20

  41. 14.How did the music of the 1980s reflect the times? • It made the popular music. Popular music was very famous during this time. and When Michael Jackson came out on the scene, he influenced a lot artists to dance and move. It did help charities too

  42. MJ= Michael Jordan • The beast right here.

  43. Michael Jordan- American professional basketball player, active entrepreneur and majority owner of the Charlotte Bobcats. • Known as the GREATEST basketball player of all time. • was on of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in 1980s and 1990s. ( Joined the NBA’s Chicago Balls in 1984 and quickly emerged as a league star). • His leaping ability, illustrated by performing slam dunks from the free throw line in slam dunk contests, earned him the nickname “AIR JORDAN”. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPRyG5bOOtY&feature=related • Jordan earned 5 MVP awards, 10 all-NBA first team designations, 9 all-defensive first team honors, 14 NBA All-Star Game Appearances, 3 All-Star Game MVP awards, 10 scoring titles, 3 steal titles, 6 NBA Finals MVP awards, and the 1988 NBA Defensive player of the year award. Was named the greatest north American athlete of the 20th century by ESPN. Was inducted into the basketball Hall of Fame in 2009. He fueled the success of Nike’s Air Jordan sneakers, still popular Today.

  44. Human Genome Project • Before the project, little was known about genetics and their role • James Watson and Francis Crick • 1990: the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Department of Energy joined with international partners in a quest to sequence all 3 billion letters, or base pairs, in the human genome, which is the complete set of DNA in the human body. • Goal: Provide tools to understand genetic factors in disease. From the start, the Human Genome Project supported an Ethical, Legal and Social Implications research program to address the • many complex issues that might arise from this science. • Played a key role in making the U.S. the global leader in the new biotechnology sector. • In April 2003, researchers successfully completed the Human Genome Project, under budget and more than two years ahead of schedule.

  45. Inventions- World Wide Web • “Transmission Control Protocol-” changed to “Internet Protocol.” Transformed into a worldwide network • Researchers and scientists sent files and data from one computer to another • *The web is a set of software programs that enable people to access resources (NOT internet)

  46. Columbia Spacecraft • First flight- April 12th 1981 • Launched at Kennedy Space Center and orbited Earth 36 times over a period of 54 hours and 22 minutes • Re-usable winged spaceship was successful • Opened the “gateway” to many opportunities for space travel • None of the 31,000 heat-shielding tiles on the spacecraft was lost in re-entry

  47. Fads- Cabbage Patch Kids • 1980’s- Coleco (manufacturer) • Originally called “Little People” • Characters appeared in merchandising products ranging from animated cartoons to board games • Started at $30-40; Later sold for $125-300 • Dolls came with adoption papers with doll’s name, birth date, and an adoption oath

  48. Fads-Nintendo • Japanese electronic company • Translated to “leave luck to heaven” • Japan’s third most valuable company- $85 million • Donkey Kong and The Super Mario Bros made billions • Gameboy- single LCD handheld

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