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Fungal diseases (Mycoses)

Fungal diseases (Mycoses). Learning Objectives. At the end of the lesson, students will be able to : Discuss how fungi cause diseases

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Fungal diseases (Mycoses)

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  1. Fungal diseases (Mycoses)

  2. Learning Objectives At the end of the lesson, students will be able to: • Discuss how fungi cause diseases • Compare and contrast superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and opportunistic mycoses in terms of characteristics/definition, example of diseases it may cause and its causative agent and laboratory diagnosis

  3. How do fungi cause disease? • Growth on body surfaces. • Invasion of the body. • Allergic reactions. • Toxins released after ingestion

  4. CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS Mycoses:fungal diseases. Tend to be chronic because fungi grow slowly. Fungal diseases are classified into 4 groups: • Superficial mycoses • Cutaneous mycoses • Subcutaneous mycoses • Deep (systemic) mycoses

  5. FUNGALDISEASES Opportunistic mycoses: Caused by organisms that are generally harmless unless individual has weakened defenses: • AIDS and cancer patients • Individuals treated with broad spectrum antibiotics • Very old or very young individuals (newborns). • Examples: • Aspergillosis: Inhalation of Aspergillus spores. • Yeast Infections or Candidiasis: Caused mainly by Candida albicans. Part of normal mouth, esophagus, and vaginal flora.

  6. Opportunistic Fungi Mycoses • Candidia albicans • a common unicelluar fungus which is part of the flora of the oral cavity, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract; • They become opportunist especially in immunocompromised people • Oral candidiasis (Oral thrush) • Classic thrush is characterised by a white, curd-like coating on the tongue or elsewhere in the oral cavity. Stomatitis due to Candida is often associated with painful infection of the lips - and corners of the mouth.

  7. Genital or perigenital candidiasis ((vulvo vaginitis) • (vulvo)vaginitis due to Candida . • Contamination of the vagina with Candida stems from the endogenous endosaprophytic flora of the gastro-intestinal tract. • Diagnoses • in culture, it grows as blastospores, pseudohyphae, and septate hyphae • candidiasis the collective term for infection involving Candida • cutaneous • vaginal • systemic

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