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CULTURAL FACTORS in cognition

CULTURAL FACTORS in cognition. Research showing cultural factors that influence cognition ( memory ). Schema theory - Bartlett – affect remembering The War of the Ghost 1932

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CULTURAL FACTORS in cognition

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  1. CULTURAL FACTORS in cognition

  2. Research showingculturalfactors that influencecognition (memory) Schema theory - Bartlett – affectremembering The War of the Ghost 1932 Loftus and Palmer 1974 – eye-witnesstestimonies (post-event information facilitate schema processingwhichmayinfluenceaccuracy of recall) Anderson & Pichert 1978 – schema processinginfluencesbothencoding and retrieval

  3. Cross-cultural research • Cognitivepsychology research - Traditionallyconducted in Western Europe • Western researchers tested on non-western countries • Resultsonly valid in western countries • Must haveinsightintolanguage and cultureof a group

  4. Cole and Scribner (1974) • InvestigatedMemoryStrategies • Comparedrecall series of words in US and among the Kpellepeople (Liberia) • Studiedchildren from different age groups • Couldn’tuse the same list of words (why not?)

  5. Cole and Scribner (1974) • Observedeverydaycognitiveactivities • Workedwithlocals • Made sure that the words in the experiment weresimilarto the onesparticipantsknew

  6. Cole and Scribner (1974) – foundculturaldifferences in memorystrategies • Children in Kpelle – non-schooled vs. schooled • Schooledchildrenlearnt the lists as fast as US children • Why a difference? Didn’tusechunking or rehearsal • When the Researchers putobjectsinto a story (Narrative) resultschanged Easierway for the illiteratechildren to remember

  7. Ways toimprove • Chunking • Narrative • Repetition

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