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Effects of High CO 2 on Marine Plants

Effects of High CO 2 on Marine Plants. Leander Love-Anderegg Bio 433 4/8/2013. CO 2 = Plant food, right?. CO 2. CO 2. +. +. Light. Light. CO 2 Fertilization. (e.g. Cao & Woodward (1998) Nature ). CO 2 Fertilization in the Sea. Physiological response:.

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Effects of High CO 2 on Marine Plants

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  1. Effects of High CO2 on Marine Plants Leander Love-Anderegg Bio 433 4/8/2013

  2. CO2 = Plant food, right? CO2 CO2 + + Light Light CO2 Fertilization (e.g. Cao & Woodward (1998) Nature)

  3. CO2Fertilization in the Sea • Physiological response: Riebesell (2004) J. of Oceanography

  4. The physiological flipside • Ocean acidification • Winners and losers, But effects still uncertain • Rost et al. (2008) Marine Ecol. Prog. Series

  5. 2) Ecological effects • CO2 concentration can shift community structure Direct and indirect effects shift competitive balance of phytoplankton assemblages Shikano and Kawabato (2000) Hydrobiologia Riebesell (2004) J. of Oceanography

  6. 3) Evolutionary Effects • Phytoplankton phase out use of CCMs over multiple generations (Bell et al. (2008) Evolutionary Applications) • Short generation time  evolutionary potential reasonably large

  7. The Forecast? • Overall increase in phytoplankton NPP • But not as large as might predict • Evolutionary responses will likely dampen effects • Phytoplankton community shifts (with possible ecological consequences)

  8. Sources: Bell, G. and S. Collins. 2008. Adaptation, extinction and global change. Evolutionary Applications. 1:3-16. Riebesell, U. 2004. Effects of CO(2) enrichment on marine phytoplankton. Journal of Oceanography. 60:719-729. Rost, B., I. Zondervan and D. Wolf-Gladrow. 2008. Sensitivity of phytoplankton to future changes in ocean carbonate chemistry: current knowledge, contradictions and research directions. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 373:227-237. Shikano, S. and Z. Kawabata. 2000. Effect at the ecosystem level of elevated atmospheric CO2 in an aquatic microcosm. Hydrobiologia. 436:209-216. Wolf-Gladrow, D.A., U. Riebesell, S. Burkhardt and J. Bijma. 1999. Direct effects of CO2 concentration on growth and isotopic composition of marine plankton, pp 461-476. Woodward, F.I. and M.R. Lomas. 2004. Vegetation dynamics - simulating responses to climatic change. Biological Reviews. 79:643-670. Photo credits: rachelsussman.com, wikipedia.com/phytoplankton, http://www-v1.amnh.org/

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