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Explore the metabolic impacts of CO2, its transportation in blood, and protective roles against free radical damage during hypoxia-ischemia. Discover the relationship between CO2 levels and oxidative fuel metabolism. Investigate how CO2 influences oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, the Bohr effect, and chloride shift. Learn about the benefits of hypercapnia, particularly in perinatal brain hypoxic-ischemic damage and chronic respiratory failure. Delve into the complexities of CO2 as a protective factor and potential source of radical damage in various physiological conditions.
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Metabolic effects ofCO2 Alice Skoumalová
Carbon dioxide transport: CO2 in the blood: 1. as HCO3- (ionization of H2CO3)75-85 % 2. as carbamino groups (CO2 reacts with amino groups of proteins)10-15 % 3. dissolved CO25-12 % Partial pressures air-inspiration air-expiration arterial blood venous blood pO2 (kPa) 21 15,3 12 – 13,3 4,6 - 6 pCO2 (kPa) 0,03 4,4 4,6 – 6 5,3 – 6,6 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ +HCO3- erythrocytes (carbonate dehydratase)
O2 and CO2 transport: Bohr effect (the increase in acidity of hemoglobin as it binds O2, releases H+) Isohydric carriage of CO2(Hb‘s ability to take up H+ with no change in pH through Bohr effect) Chloride shift (the exchange of Cl- and HCO3- between the plasma and the erythrocyte)
Hypercapnia protects against free radical damage duringhypoxia-ischemia: • Stabilization of the iron-transferrin complex • Shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curve to the right • Effects on metabolism (improve aerobic metabolism, reduced lactate production, ATP generation) • Direct inhibition of the free radicals Perinatal brain hypoxic-ischemic damage Mechanical ventilation Chronic respiratory failure
