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Test Format. 28 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each) 3 Matching sections Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once) Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once) Campaign Posters (24 cell types, each used once) 4 Short Answer Questions.
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Test Format • 28 Multiple Choice Questions (1.5 points each) • 3 Matching sections • Memory Check Revisited (Combination of the two sides into 1, 18 questions each word used once) • Phases of Mitosis (6 phases used once) • Campaign Posters (24 cell types, each used once) • 4 Short Answer Questions
1 • When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why do we stain the specimen? Answer: Most cell parts appear clear under the bright light of a microscope. Staining them gives them color and therefore makes it easier to see. BACK
2 • When a chromosome copies itself, the copy is referred to by this “relative” term. Answer: sister BACK
3 • This membrane junction are impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leakproof sheets? BACK Answer: tight junctions
4 • This is a nonfunctioning unit in a cell. Answer: inclusion. BACK
5 • This type of tissue is also known as fat, and it is essentially an areolar tissue in which fat cells predominate. Answer: Adipose Tissue BACK
6 • This is another name for a red blood cell. Answer: erthrocyte BACK
7 • Describe what happens during diffusion. Answer: Substances move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentrations until eventually there is an equal concentration in all areas. BACK
8 • When analyzing a specimen under a microscope, why must the sample be very thin? Answer: This is to allow light to pass through the sample and to allow only one layer of cells to be observed at a time BACK
9 • In this phase, chromosomes appear as threadlike coils at the start, but each chromosome is copied by the end. Answer: interphase BACK
10 • This is the process in which a pressure gradient actually pushes a solute containing fluid from a higher pressure to a lower pressure. Answer: filtration BACK
11 • This refers to when a cell moves a large amount of substances out of the cell Answer: exocytosis BACK
12 • What occurs if a solution is hypotonic and a cell was placed into it? Answer: The cell would swell and possibly rupture BACK
13 • This is the process during protein synthesis when the DNA is copied by RNA. Answer: transcription BACK
14 • This type of tissue is made up of connective tissue sheets that attach to the body’s skeleton and help the body with movement. Answer: skeletal muscle BACK
15 • This type of connective tissue forms the cushionlike disks between the vertebrae. Answer: fibrocartilage BACK
16 • This attached skeletal muscles to bones. Answer: tendons BACK
17 • This is also known as osseous tissue. Answer: bone BACK
18 • This word mean one layer of cells. Answer: simple BACK
19 • In this phase, centrioles appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell while spindle fibers forms between the poles. Answer: prophase BACK
20 • What is the relationship between a triplet and a codon? Answer: A triplet is a three-base sequence on a DNA molecule. A codon is the corresponding three-base sequence on the mRNA molecule Example: Triplet on DNA AAT-CGT Corresponding Codon on RNA UUA-GCA BACK
21 • What type of cell is this? BACK Answer: macrophage
22 • This broad type of tissue if used for support. Answer: connective BACK
23 • This is a picture of this type of tissue BACK Answer: stratified squamous
24 • In this phase, chromatids attach to the spindle fibers. Answer: metaphase BACK
25 • Give two examples of tissues undergoing the aging process and what happens to the tissue as it ages. Answer: epithelial membranes lose their elasticity and began to sag We begin to “dry out” as exocrine glands become less active Endocrine glands produce less hormones so the body processes they control become less effective Bones become porous and weaker Muscles begin to atrophy (deteriorate) BACK
26 • This refers specifically to when liquid material is taken into the cell. Answer: pinocytosis BACK
27 • This broad type of tissue is used for control. BACK Answer: nervous
28 • What is area O called BACK Answer: Mitochondria
29 • What occurs if a solution is hypertonic and a cell was placed into it? Answer: it would shrink BACK
30 • This type of tissue help to insulate and protect the delicate neurons. Answer: Supporting cells of the nervous tissue BACK
31 • In this phase, chromatids separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. Answer: anaphase BACK
32 • What is inflammation and how does it help the healing process. Answer: A swelling of a tissue. It is used by the body to keep the injured area from moving and thus prevents further damage BACK
33 • This is a fragile, transparent barrier that consists of two lipid layers arrange “tail to tail” Answer: plasma membrane BACK
34 • small, dark-staining round body where ribosomes are assembled Answer: nucleolus BACK
35 • This is what the fluid inside the cell is referred to. Answer: intracellular fluid BACK
36 • These detoxify the cell of poisonous materials and deactivate free radicals using oxidase enzymes. Answer: peroxisomes BACK
37 • This is a cell that gathers information and controls body functions. Answer: nerve cells (nueron) BACK
38 • In this phase, two nuclei form and the chromosomes appear as chromatin. Answer: telephase BACK
39 • This cell type covers and lines body organs. BACK Answer: epithelial cells
40 • These are the “wires” that help to resist pulling forces on the cell. Answer: intermediate filaments BACK
41 • Why are stratified epithelial tissues better for protection purposes than simple epithelial tissues? Answer: Stratified epithelial tissue has multiple layers of cells, which means there are more cells to absorb the damage BACK
42 • This is the female cell of reproduction. Answer: oocyte BACK
43 • Name this type of cell BACK Answer: Epithelial Cells
44 • This is a slick membrane that lines the ventral body cavity and covers the organs in the cavity. BACK Answer: serosae
45 • The lower surface of an epithelial tissue is known as this. Answer: the basement membrane BACK
46 • These are tiny fingerlike projections that greatly increase the surface area for faster absorption Answer: microvilli BACK