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Community Building for English Learning. Yimei Lin, Ph.D. Department of Communication National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan telyml@ccu.edu.tw 國立中正大學傳播學系 林怡玫助理教授. Are We Ready Yet?. 經常上網人口達 990 萬人，連網應用普及率 43% ( 資策會 , 2007) 行政院研考會 2006 年「國中／小學生數位能力與數位學習機會調查」 國中／小學童幾乎人人會電腦，高達 99.7 ％曾經使用電腦
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Community Building for English Learning Yimei Lin, Ph.D. Department of Communication National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan telyml@ccu.edu.tw 國立中正大學傳播學系 林怡玫助理教授
Are We Ready Yet? • 經常上網人口達990萬人，連網應用普及率43% (資策會, 2007) • 行政院研考會2006年「國中／小學生數位能力與數位學習機會調查」 • 國中／小學童幾乎人人會電腦，高達99.7％曾經使用電腦 • 最初接觸電腦的年齡平均為7.9足歳 • 國中／小學生使用電腦最主要的目的是休閒，其中又以線上遊戲為主（70.4％）、其次才是上網找資料、寫作業（64.6％）、下載音樂、軟體（62.1％）與玩電腦遊戲（60.3％） • 台灣無線網路滲透率世界第一（IDC, 2004） • 台灣的ISI（資訊社會指標）世界第20名（IDC, 2004）
Are We Ready Yet? • e-Taiwan project (2002-2008) • 寬頻到家、e化生活、e化商務、e化政府、縮減數位落差 • 數位學習國家型科技計畫 • 國家數位典藏計畫 • 數位娛樂計畫 • m-Taiwan project (2006~) • 行動服務、行動生活、行動學習
Learning FROM Computers ↓ Learning WITH Computers (Mindtools)
Learning Paradigm Shifts Present Past Knowledge Adoption Information Gathering Behaviourism Teaching Knowledge Production Information Generation Social Constructivism Learning Facilitation
The Social Nature of Learning (Social Constructivism) • Social Learning • Learning occurs as a function of observing, retaining and replicating behavior observed in others • Pedagogy for Social Constructivism • Collaborative learning/Cooperative learning • Project-based learning/Problem-based learning • Learning community, peer teaching, peer learning, group learning, study groups, study circles, learning groups, etc.
Community Building in Networked Learning • System: servers, database, platform • People:students, teachers, facilitators, parents, visitors, administrators • Content: learning materials, project-based learning activities, messages, games Structure of Information System Content Community Instruments Rules People
Community Building in Networked Learning • Instruments:discussion forums, emails, chatrooms, videoconferencing, etc. • Rules:instructions, due dates, guidelines, evaluation criteria • Structure of information:linear/non-linear, hyper-texted, etc. Structure of Information System Content Community Instruments Rules People
Key to Successful Networked Learning • Community • Communication • Collaboration 3C
Learning Communities • People, who interact to satisfy needs, perform tasks, etc. • A shared purpose, that provides a reason for the community. • Rules, that guide people’s interaction • Instruments, to support and mediate social interaction
Pitfalls in Networked Learning Systems • An assumption that interaction will automatically happen in online learning environments • Forgetting interaction DOES NOT always happen naturally in primarily task-based contexts • Lack of interaction is a factor that depresses online students’ satisfaction and learning The Social Natural of Learning (Social Constructivism)
How do we cope in ACA? • Video Chatroom • ACA Chat Room • Forum • Comment Assistant • ACA International Schools Club • Online Tutors
3. Forum • Computer Supported Discourse/Collaborative Argumentation (CSD/CSCA) • Questions • Comments or Suggestions • Social Greetings • Others
4. Comment Assistant • Content Accuracy • Spelling & Grammar • Navigation • Layout • Citation & Credits • Comment (open-ended)
Experienced online instructors try to make up for the lack of interaction with engaging tasks and emphasizing the social nature of learning • HOWEVER, in general networked learning systems are deficient in many of the cues for having observable activity available to motivate interaction, and in turn, help shape learning.
A Further Step – Social Computing • Social Computingis based on creating or recreating social conventions and social contexts online through the use of software and technology (Wikipedia.com) • Microsoft • research and develop software that contributes to compelling and effective social interactions • IBM • it is possible to design digital systems that provide a social context for our activities
Cues for Motivating Interaction • Presence • One’s sense of self and how they are represented and understood in the online environment • Co-presence (social presence) • Help participants have a sense of “being there” with others • Social Navigation • What others are doing as a primary guide for one’s own actions • People move based on where others are, what they have done, or what they have looked at!
Anetworked learning system should help make actions observable, visible and reportable! Cues for Motivating Interaction
Social Mechanisms in ACA • Learner’s Profile • ACA Messenger • Wu Kong • Team Profile
