Earth Science do this bellringer!

1. Earth Science do this bellringer! Ms. Smyser has recorded the heart rate (in beats per minute) of cancer patients over a night. Please create a graph to demonstrate the average of her results. 12am: 90 2am:85 4am: 70 6am: 65 8am: 80 10am: 90

3. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Science as a Process • Scientific method: The steps used to solve a scientific problem

4. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Scientific Processes • Making observations/Ask a question • Form hypotheses/make predictions • Perform an experiment/ collect data • Analyze data • Make conclusions • (sometimes) Publish data

5. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Observing and Asking Questions • An observation is the act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question.

6. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Forming a Hypothesis • A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions.

7. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Forming a Hypothesis, continued • Predicting • To test a hypothesis, scientists make a prediction that logically follows from the hypothesis.

8. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Designing an Experiment • Performing the Experiment • A controlled experiment compares an experimental group and a control group and only has one variable.

9. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Designing an Experiment, continued • Performing the Experiment • The control group provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group. • The experimental group is identical to the control group except for one factor.

10. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Designing an Experiment, continued • Performing the Experiment • The experimenter manipulates theindependent variable. • The experimenter measures the dependent variable because it is affected by the independent variable.

11. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 • Testing the Experiment • Experiments should be conducted without bias and they should be repeated. • Data can be quantitative, measured with exact numbers, or qualitative, measured with some degree of opinion • Qualitative measurements can still use numbers Greg Louganis diving • Greg Louganis hits his head

12. Accuracy: How close the measured value is to the actual value Precision: How consistent the measurement is

13. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Collecting and Analyzing Data • Analyzing and Comparing Data • Scientists analyze data to draw conclusions about the experiment performed. • Charts and graphs show the relationship between variables

14. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Drawing Conclusions • Making Inferences • An inference is a conclusion made on the basis of facts and previous knowledge rather than on direct observations. • Placebo effect behavior changes due to psychological reasons rather than physiological reasons

15. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Constructing a Theory • A theory is a set of related hypotheses confirmed to be true many times, and it can explain a great amount of data. • A law is a statement that although unproven, is unquestioned • Theory=explanation; Law=statement

16. Section 3 The Study of Biology Chapter 1 Communicating Ideas • Publishing a Paper • Use Scientific Journals • In peer review: Other scientists ensure that proper scientific method was used.

17. Section 4 Tools and Techniques Chapter 1 Units of Measurement • Base and Other Units • Scientists use the metric system or theSystème International d’Unitésor SI.

18. Section 4 Tools and Techniques Chapter 1 Units of Measurement • Base and Other Units • The metric system has seven base units.