1 / 24

Introduction to Protists: Kingdom Protista

Explore the world of protists, unicellular organisms with a nucleus, through this informative guide. Learn about their characteristics, categories, and important examples. Discover the diversity and significance of animal-like, plant-like, and fungus-like protists.

doloresb
Download Presentation

Introduction to Protists: Kingdom Protista

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Protists Kingdom: Protista Protists are unicellular organisms that have a nucleus.

  2. Similar to Bacteria • Unicellular • One of the first groups of living things on Earth. (1.5 billion years ago.) • Microscopic • Can cause disease. • Can be parasites Same

  3. Difference from Bacteria • Has a nucleus. • Live in watery environment. • Generally live as individual cells. • Protists vary greatly in appearance and function. Different

  4. 3 Categories • I. Animal-like Protists. • II. Plant-like Protists. • III. Fungus-like Protists.

  5. I. Animal-like Protists • Protozoan means “First Animal”. • Cells contain a nucleus. • Cells lack a cell wall. • They are heterotrophs. • Most can move on their own. Little Animals

  6. 4 Groups of Animal-like Protists • 1. Sarcodines (SAHR-koh-dighnz) • 2. Ciliates (SIHL-ee-ihts) • 3. Flagellates (FLAJ- ehl-ihts) • 4. Sporozoans (spohr-oh-ZOH-uhnz)

  7. 1. Sarcodines • Have pseudopods (Greek:“false foot”) • Extensions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm. • Pseudopods are used for movement and to capture food. • Many have shells. • These shells form limestone, marble and chalk.

  8. One type: Amoeba • Most familiar Sarcodine. • Pseudopods: • Blob shaped. • Contractile Vacuoles: controlsamount of water inside • Food Vacuole: where food is digested.

  9. Split Personality • Amebas reproduce by dividing into two new cells (binary fission). • Amebas can respond to their environment. • They are sensitive to light and some chemicals.

  10. 2. Ciliates • Have cilia on the outside of their cells. • Tiny hair-like projections used for movement, to gather food and as feelers.

  11. Type: Paramecium • Pellicle: tough outer wall. • Slipper shaped • Oral groove: like the mouth • Gullet: holds food. • Food Vacuole: digests food. • Anal Pore: removes wastes • 2 Contractile Vacuoles • 2 Nuclei • Reproduces by either binary fission or conjugation.

  12. 3. Flagellates (Zooflagellates) • Have a Flagellum: a long whip-like structure used for movement. • Many live in animals • Symbiosis a close relationship, at least one benefits. • Mutualism: when both partners benefit.

  13. 4. Sporozoans • All Sporozans are parasites. • They feed on cells and body fluids. • Form from Spores (tiny reproductive cells). • Pass from one host to another. • Pass from ticks, mosquitoes or other animals to humans.

  14. II. Plant-like Protists(Algae) • Unicellular and Multicellular • Colonies (groups of unicellular protists) • Can move on their own • Autotrophs: make their own food from simple materials using light energy (photosynthesis). • 70% of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by Plant-like Protists! • Pigments: chemicals that produce color

  15. 6 Groups of Plant like Protists • Euglenoids (yoo-GLEE-noydz) • Diatoms (DIGH-ah-tahmz) • Dinoflagellates (digh-noh-FLAJ-eh-layts) • Red Algae • Green Algae • Brown Algae

  16. 1. Euglenoids • Green • Unicellular • Live in fresh water • Autotrophs, but can be heterotrophs under certain conditions. • Flagella • Eyespot: sensitive to light. • Chloroplasts • Pellicle

  17. 2. Diatoms • Unicellular • 10,000 living species. • Aquatic • Glass like cell wall • Diatomaceous earth: course powder that comes from dead diatoms (toothpaste, car polish & reflective paint.

  18. 3. Dinoflagellates • Unicellular • Cell walls are like plates of armor. • Two flagella • Spins when it moves. • Colorful (pigments) • Can glow in the dark. • Causes Red Tide

  19. Red Algae • Multicellular seaweeds • Live in deep ocean waters • Used for ice cream and hair conditioner • Used as food in Asia

  20. Green Algae • Most are unicellular • Some form colonies • Few are multicellular • Can live in fresh and salt water and on land in damp places. • Very closely related to green plants.

  21. Brown Algae • Commonly called seaweed • Can contain brown, green, yellow, orange and black pigments. • Attach to rocks • Have air bladders • Giant Kelp can be 100 meters long! • Used as food thickeners

  22. III. Fungus-like Protists • Heterotrophs • Have cell walls. • Many have flagella and are able to move at some point in their lives. • Three types: Slime Molds, Water & Downy Molds • Reproduce with Spores (tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism)

  23. Water & Downy Molds • Live in water or moist places. • Tiny threads that look like fuzz. • Attack food crops • Caused the Irish Potato Famine.

  24. Slime Molds Type: • Reproduce by Fruiting Bodies: • The Fruiting Bodies contain Spores. • At first they look like ameba, then later they look like mold. • Live on moist shady places. • Feed on bacteria and other microorganisms.

More Related