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Explore the impact of reference groups, lifestyles, and self-concept on household decision-making processes and consumer behavior in different stages of the family life cycle. Learn about the various roles, influences, and socialization processes within families.
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Group Influences Lifestyles
Self Between ideal state And Real state
What is a group? A group is two or more people who interact to acheive either individual or mutual goals A group is a set of individuals who interact with one another over some period of time and who share a common goal
Types of Group Reference Groups Ascribed Groups Aspirational Groups Dissociative group Primary Group Formal Group Informal Group
Formal Groups A group whose organisation and structure are defined in writing – constitution, rules. Informal Groups People who interact together often on a social basis to pursue a fun objective or short term task
Dissociative Groups Those sets of people with whom a consumer does not want to be associated with. For example CHAVS
Reference Groups Groups of people that a consumer uses as a point of reference to evaluate the correctness of his / her actions, beliefs and attitudes
Lifestyle How people live their lives in terms of Activities Interests Likes/dislikes Attitudes Consumption Expectations Feelings
Personal Influence Opinion leadership Word of mouth and rumors Reference groups Associative: “We’re the Pepsi generation…” Dissociative: “It’s not your father’s car.” Aspirational Culture Subculture Sociocultural Influences
Self Concept Self concept is the totality of a person’s thoughts and feelings having reference to himself or herself as an object = Who do you think you are? How you want to be perceived? Ideal Self – aspirational Social Self – how others see you.
Extended Self Concept Self plus possessions Leads into Lifestyle
Potential Family Life Cycle Stages YOUNG COUPLE YOUNG SINGLE EMPTY NEST I/II FULL NEST I/II/III SINGLE PARENT OLDER SINGLE BLENDED
Income tends to increase with time But children/ obligations add cost Divorce increases costs may change income distribution marriage Product demand due to singles with low expenses new couples divorced families children empty nesters --> more income Economic/Marketing Implications of Household Cycles
Roles/influence Information gatherers/holders Influencers Decision makers Purchasers Users Household Decision Making
Structure of family unit Family purchases and consumption behavior Marketing strategy Stage of the family life cycle Family decision process
Family Structure • Nuclear family • Extended family • Single family
A Modern Family Life Cycle Middle-aged divorced without children Young divorced without children Middle-aged married without children Middle- aged married with children Middle-aged married without dependent children Young married without children Young married with children Older married Older unmarried Young single Middle-aged divorced without dependent children Young divorced with children Middle-aged divorced with children Usual flow Recycle flow Traditional family flow
Stages of the Family Life Cycle Stage Marital Status Children at Home Single Married None < 6 years > 6 years Younger(<35) Single I Young married Full nest I Single parent I Middle-aged (35-64) Single II Delayed full nest I Full nest II Single parent II Empty nest I Older (>64) Empty nest II Single III
Roles in Family Decision Making Decision Making Roles Description of Roles Influencers Gatekeepers Deciders Buyers Users Disposers
Family Decision-Making Process for Children’s Products Influencers (children) (parents) Communications targeted at children (taste, image) Decisionmakers(parents,children) Initiators(parents, (children) Purchasers (parents) (children) User (children) Communications targeted at parents (nutrition) Information gatherers (parents) (children)
Consumer Socialization AntecedentsSocialization ProcessOutcomes Social Structural Variables • Agent-Learner Relationships • Modeling • Reinforcement • Social Interaction • Socialization Agents • Parents • Peers • Schools • Mass media Learning Properties Age or Life Cycle Position (Moschis and Churchill 1978)
Dynamics of Husband-Wife Decision Making • Husband-Dominated • Wife-Dominated • Joint • Autonomic
Family Life Cycle/Social Stratification Matrix Stage of House- hold Life Cycle Social Class Lower- Upper- Lower- Upper- Lower Lower Working Middle Upper Upper Single I Young married Full nest I Single parent I Single II Delayed full nest I Full nest II Single parent II Empty nest I Single III Empty nest II