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European Exploration

European Exploration. AP World History Notes Chapter 13. Age of Exploration. European explorers searched for a better trade route to Asia Wanted gold, luxury goods, glory, and to spread Christianity

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European Exploration

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  1. European Exploration AP World History Notes Chapter 13

  2. Age of Exploration • European explorers searched for a better trade route to Asia • Wanted gold, luxury goods, glory, and to spread Christianity • Europeans wanted to trade goods directly with Asia, rather than rely on Arab or Italian merchants • These merchants taxed the goods heavily

  3. Age of Exploration • Why did they begin exploring by sea? • Wanted a quicker way to get eastern goods • Wanted to spread Christianity • Wanted Christian allies with whom they could face threatening Muslim powers • Learning and imagination

  4. Age of Exploration • Technology and Exploration • New technology allowed explorers to venture away from the sight of land • Magnetic compass • More accurate maps • Before this, most maps were inaccurate • Cartographers put lands on maps that were only rumors • By the time of the Renaissance, maps were better and used latitude and longitude

  5. Age of Exploration • Ships that used several masts & sails • Allowed them to sail faster and with less human labor • These ships were called caravels

  6. Portugal Leads the Way • Portugal was the 1st country to venture into the Atlantic Ocean looking for a route to Asia • Prince Henry the Navigator • Brought together mapmakers, mathematicians, and astronomers to study navigation • Paid for explorers’ expeditions • 1st one to suggest sailing to India by going around Africa

  7. Bartholomew Diaz (1488) • Discovered the southern tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope) • Proved that ships could reach Asia by sailing around Africa

  8. Vasco da Gama (1497) • First to find a water route to Asia -- first to round the tip of Africa to India

  9. Spain’s Quest for Riches • Ferdinand & Isabella backed the voyages of Christopher Columbus

  10. Spain’s Quest for Riches • Columbus sailed from Spain in 1492 • Planned to reach India by heading west across the Atlantic • Landed on the Bahamas, but thought he found India • Explored the islands in the area • Returned to Spain as a hero • Made 3 more voyages before he died

  11. Spain’s Quest for Riches • Line of Demarcation = a line drawn by the Pope down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean • Spain had control of lands west of the line • Portugal had control of lands east of it • Line moved much further west with the signing of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) = gave Portugal control of Brazil & Spain got the rest of South America

  12. Voyage of Magellan • Ferdinand Magellan (1519) • Headed west from Spain • Reached a narrow passageway at the southern tip of South America • Named the Strait of Magellan

  13. Voyage of Magellan • After 4 months, he reached the Philippines • Magellan was killed during the journey • After 3 years at sea, his crew returned to Spain

  14. Voyage of Magellan • Magellan’s ships had circumnavigated= circled the globe • Proved the world was round and larger than anyone thought • Also proved the oceans were connected

  15. Differences Between European and Chinese Exploration • Size • Motivation • European continuation of exploration versus Chinese ending of it

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