Hanyu Pinyin

1. 汉语拼音 Hanyu Pinyin 18 Feb 2011

2. Purpose of learning Hanyu Pinyin Hanyu Pinyin • give accurate pronunciation of words • help pupils to start reading early (with • the help of hanyu pinyin, pupils will be • able to pronounce words they have not • learnt before, hence recognize more words) • facilitate Chinese Language computer • programmes (eg: HansVision)

3. hanyu pinyin Hanyu Pinyin is made up of two components • sheng mu （声母） • yun mu（韵母）

4. Attention must be paid to the shape of • the mouth when we pronounce the word. • “sheng mu” by itself is soundless and • cannot be used on its own. sheng mu

5. “yun mu” refers to the vowel sound of the Chinese pronunciation. • It is sub-divided into two groups: yun mu • dan yun mu （单韵母） • – single vowel • fu yun mu （复韵母） • - more than one vowel

6. yun mu

7. yunmu

8. All pinyin must be written in lower-case letters hanyu pinyin Example: u f yun mu （韵母） sheng mu （声母） sh un sheng mu （声母） yun mu （韵母） Pai pai

9. sheng diao • Every hypy has four tones • “sheng diao” is the diacritical mark above • the vowel in order to indicate the tone • yin ping 阴平(refers to the 1st tone) • yang ping 阳平(refers to the 2nd tone) • shang sheng 上声(refers to the 3rd tone) • qu sheng去声(refers to the 4th tone)

10. sheng diao The yellow line refers to the stroke that represents the pitch Voicepitch 5 yin ping （阴平） The highest pitch in pronunciation (The pitch level is 5) and the stroke is drawn from left to right 4 3 2 1

11. sheng diao diagonal refers to the stroke that represents the pitch Voice pitch 5 yang ping （阳平） The pronunciation is from a lower pitch to the highest pitch (somewhere from Levels 3 to 5), the stroke is drawn from bottom left to top right 4 3 2 1

12. sheng diao diagonal refers to the stroke that represents the pitch Voice pitch 5 shang sheng （上声） There is a ‘roller coaster ride’ in the pitch pattern. It starts off from Level 2, goes down to Level 1,and then rises up to Level 4. The stroke is drawn like a tick ( ) 4 3 2 1

13. sheng diao diagonal refers to the stroke that represents the pitch Voice pitch 5 qu sheng （去声） The pronunciation varies from high pitch to low pitch (Level 5 to 1), The stroke is drawn from the top left to bottom right 4 3 2 1

14. sheng diao the “sheng diao” is placed on the vowel in the following order 有 a不放过 First, look for an ‘a’. pao zhuang If there is no ‘a’ , look for an ‘o’ or ‘e’. 无 a找 o e dong xie

15. sheng diao When the vowels ‘i’and ‘u’ appear in the same hypy, then the last vowel in the syllable takes the tone mark. i u并列标在后 tui liu

16. sheng diao “sheng diao” must be placed slightly on top of the vowel (dan yun mu). “sheng diao” that are not properly placed are not accepted ! zhuang zhuang

17. di sheng diao If the “sheng diao” is to be placed on top of vowel ‘i’, the original dot must be deleted 小 i 小 i 有礼貌 看见调号就脱帽 di

18. 小u 小u 有礼貌 看见 j q x y 就脱帽 sheng diao If vowel ‘ u ’ is matched with the “sheng mu” ‘ j, q, x, y ’, the dots of u must be deleted when placing the “sheng diao” qu qu nu

19. If both hypy of the vocabulary item are of 3rd tone (shang sheng), the first hypy of the vocabulary item should be READ using the 2nd tone (yang ping). bian diao xiao jie 小姐 老虎 lao hu

20. pinyin without “sheng diao”is named ‘qing sheng’ （轻声）. It is pronounced faster, lighter and shorter ! qing sheng ma ma 妈妈 我们 狐狸 wo men hu li

21. 谢谢 Thank you.