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Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data

Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data. Charles Ellis Kent Shannon Ag Engineering Extension Specialists. Yield Map Interpretation. Man Made Variables Variety Planting date Tillage Compaction Natural Variability Soil fertility Soil type Drainage. Data Sources. Yield Data

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Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data

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  1. Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data Charles Ellis Kent Shannon Ag Engineering Extension Specialists

  2. Yield Map Interpretation • Man Made Variables • Variety • Planting date • Tillage • Compaction • Natural Variability • Soil fertility • Soil type • Drainage

  3. Data Sources • Yield Data • Aerial Photos • EC Data • Soils

  4. Man Made Variables • Varieties • Tillage • Planting Date • Compaction • Chemical Applications • Fertilizer Applications

  5. Man Made Variables • Varieties • Tillage • Planting Date • Compaction • Chemical Applications • Fertilizer Applications

  6. Natural Variables Drainage Soils Soils

  7. Man Made Variables Fertility Field History

  8. Aerial Photos Man made variables • Compaction • Drainage Natural Variability Drainage

  9. Aerial Photos

  10. Image • Obtain Aerial Photos • Terraserver • FSA • www.cares.missouri.edu • Show history of field

  11. Soil EC Readings

  12. Surface Drainage

  13. Surface Drainage Affects • Tillage • Planting Date • Seeding Depth • Emergence • Leaching • Harvesting

  14. 97 beans

  15. 99 Beans

  16. 2003 Beans

  17. Multiple Years of Yield Data Combining Multiply Years Using MapCalc Excel

  18. 3 yr average bean yield

  19. Combine Elevation

  20. Elevation RTK

  21. Combine and RTK Elevation

  22. Yield and Topography Pond

  23. Possible Solutions • Drain Pond • Remove Berm Around Pond • Drain Field After Pond Removal • Tillage to help drainage

  24. 2004 corn Yield variability has diminished. What are the causes?

  25. Bu/A 1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO

  26. Most likely Least likely Cause of Yield Variation Seed Depth Mechanical/ Equipment Problems Nitrogen (corn) Easy Tillage Hybrid Variety Traffic Problems Planter color Weeds P & K Insects pH Ease of Remedy Plant date Population Disease Drainage Field Border Characteristics Compaction Difficult Weather Soil type Past history Organic matter Ranking of Yield Variability and Ease of Remedy Adapted from Larry Lotz, “Yield Monitors and Maps: Making Decisions”, Ohio State Univ.

  27. Treeline and endrow compaction Topsoil variation Bu/A Low soil P and K End-row compaction Soil pH Historically managed less intensively Greater weed pressure Nearly flat, ponding 1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO

  28. RTK GPS Elevation Map 1997 Corn Yield Map

  29. Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps 1998 Beans 1999 Corn

  30. Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps 2000 Beans 2001 Corn

  31. RTK GPS Elevation Map 1997 Corn Yield Map

  32. Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps 1998 Beans 1999 Corn

  33. Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps 2000 Beans 2001 Corn

  34. Using MapCalc Software to Better Visualize Elevation Difference with Yield Data

  35. Equipment Used for RTK GPS Data Collection Use a PocketPC computer running GPS data collection software

  36. RTK Base Station

  37. Possible Solution with a PTO-Ditchers

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