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Jesus' Teaching on Divorce: Matthew 19:3-9

Explore Jesus' stance on marriage and divorce as explained in Matthew 19:3-9, emphasizing the importance of marital fidelity and God's intentions for unity. Learn about exceptions regarding divorce and the biblical perspective on the matter.

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Jesus' Teaching on Divorce: Matthew 19:3-9

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  1. Mathew 19.3-9 3 Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, ‘Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?’ 4 ‘Haven’t you read,’ he replied, ‘that at the beginning the Creator “made them male and female,” 5 and said, “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh”? 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.’ 7 ‘Why then,’ they asked, ‘did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?’ 8 Jesus replied, ‘Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. 9 I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.’

  2. Mathew 19.3-9 3 Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, ‘Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?’ 4 ‘Haven’t you read,’ he replied, ‘that at the beginning the Creator “made them male and female,” 5 and said, “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh”? 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.’ 7 ‘Why then,’ they asked, ‘did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?’ 8 Jesus replied, ‘Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. 9 I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.’

  3. Matthew 19:9 Fornication King James Version Wycliffe Bible American Standard Version Adultery The Message sexual immorality New International Version New King James Version Unchastity RSV Amplified Bible Sexual unfaithfulness Common English Bible Unfaithfulness Good News Translation J.B. Phillips New Testament Whoredom Young's Literal Translation

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  5. 1 Corinthians 7 • 12 To the rest I say this (I, not the Lord): If any brother has a wife who is not a believer and she is willing to live with him, he must not divorce her. 13 And if a woman has a husband who is not a believer and he is willing to live with her, she must not divorce him. 14 For the unbelieving husband has been sanctified through his wife, and the unbelieving wife has been sanctified through her believing husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy. • 15 But if the unbeliever leaves, let it be so. The brother or the sister is not bound in such circumstances; God has called us to live in peace.

  6. Mathew 19 • Mark 10 Shorter versions • Mathew 5 • Luke 16

  7. Mathew 5 17 ‘Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfil them. 18 For truly I tell you, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished. 31 “It has been said, ‘Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.’ 32 But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, makes her the victim of adultery, and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

  8. Luke 16 • 17 It is easier for heaven and earth to disappear than for the least stroke of a pen to drop out of the Law. • 18 ‘Anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery, and the man who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

  9. Mathew 19.3-9 3 Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, ‘Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?’ 4 ‘Haven’t you read,’ he replied, ‘that at the beginning the Creator “made them male and female,” 5 and said, “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh”? 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.’ 7 ‘Why then,’ they asked, ‘did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?’ 8 Jesus replied, ‘Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. 9 I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.’

  10. Deuteronomy 24.1 When a man takes a wife and marries her, if then she finds no favour in his eyes because he has found a cause of sexual immorality in her . . . . . . . he writes her a certificate of divorce, gives it to her and sends her from his house, and if after she leaves his house she becomes the wife of another man . . . . . .

  11. Exodus 21 7 “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. 8 If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself, he must let her be redeemed . 10 If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights. 11 If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

  12. Moses Law 1300 BC

  13. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC

  14. 2 Kings 23 • 21 The king gave this order to all the people: “Celebrate the Passover to the Lord your God, as it is written in this Book of the Covenant.” 22 Neither in the days of the judges who led Israel nor in the days of the kings of Israel and the kings of Judah had any such Passover been observed.

  15. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC

  16. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC

  17. 2 Chronicles 7The Dedication of the Temple The Lord Appears to Solomon 11 When Solomon had finished the temple of the Lord and the royal palace, and had succeeded in carrying out all he had in mind to do in the temple of the Lord and in his own palace, 12 the Lord appeared to him at night and said: “I have heard your prayer and have chosen this place for myself as a temple for sacrifices. 13 “When I shut up the heavens so that there is no rain, or command locusts to devour the land or send a plague among my people, 14 if my people, who are called by my name, will humble themselves and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear(from heaven, and I will forgive their sin and will heal their land. 15 Now my eyes will be open and my ears attentive to the prayers offered in this place. 16 I have chosen and consecrated this temple so that my Name may be there forever. My eyes and my heart will always be there.

  18. 2 Chronicles 7The Dedication of the Temple 17 “As for you, if you walk before me faithfully as David your father did, and do all I command, and observe my decrees and laws, 18 I will establish your royal throne, as I covenanted(with David your father when I said, ‘You shall never fail to have a successor to rule over Israel. 19 “But if you turn away(and forsake the decrees and commands I have given you and go off to serve other gods and worship them, 20 then I will uproot Israel from my land, which I have given them, and will reject this temple I have consecrated for my Name. I will make it a byword and an object of ridicule among all peoples. 21 This temple will become a heap of rubble. All who pass by will be appalled and say, ‘Why has the Lord done such a thing to this land and to this temple?’ 22 People will answer, ‘Because they have forsaken the Lord, the God of their ancestors, who brought them out of Egypt, and have embraced other gods, worshiping and serving them—that is why he brought all this disaster on them.’”

  19. 2 Kings 23 • 13 The king also desecrated the high places that were east of Jerusalem on the south of the Hill of Corruption—the ones Solomon king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the vile goddess of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the vile god of Moab, and for Molek the detestable god of the people of Ammon.

  20. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC

  21. Jeremiah 3:8 • 8 I gave faithless Israel her certificate of divorce and sent her away because of all her adulteries. Yet I saw that her unfaithful sister Judah had no fear; she also went out and committed adultery.

  22. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC

  23. 2 Kings 21 • Manasseh was twelve years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem fifty-five years. 2 He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, following the detestable practices of the nations the Lord had driven out before the Israelites. 3 He rebuilt the high places his father Hezekiah had destroyed; he also erected altars to Baal and made an Asherah pole, as Ahab king of Israel had done. He bowed down to all the starry hosts and worshiped them. 4 He built altars in the temple of the Lord, of which the Lord had said, “In Jerusalem I will put my Name.” 5 In the two courts of the temple of the Lord, he built altars to all the starry hosts. 6 He sacrificed his own son in the fire, practiced divination, sought omens, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did much evil in the eyes of the Lord, arousing his anger. • 7 He took the carved Asherah pole he had made and put it in the temple,

  24. Lamentations 2 • 11 My eyes fail from weeping,I am in torment within;my heart is poured out on the groundbecause my people are destroyed,because children and infants faint(in the streets of the city. • 12 They say to their mothers,“Where is bread and wine?”as they faint like the woundedin the streets of the city,as their lives ebb awayin their mothers’ arms. • 20 “Look, Lord, and consider:Whom have you ever treated like this?Should women eat their offspring,the children they have cared for?Should priest and prophet be killedin the sanctuary of the Lord?

  25. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC

  26. Jeremiah 3:8 • 8 I gave faithless Israel her certificate of divorce and sent her away because of all her adulteries. Yet I saw that her unfaithful sister Judah had no fear; she also went out and committed adultery.

  27. Malachi 2:15 I hate divorce, says the Lord God of Israel. I hate it when one of you does such a cruel thing to his wife.

  28. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC Return from Exile 538 BC

  29. Nehemiah 8 • 1 all the people came together as one in the square before the Water Gate. They told Ezra the teacher of the Law to bring out the Book of the Law of Moses, which the Lord had commanded for Israel. 2 So on the first day of the seventh month Ezra the priest brought the Law before the assembly, which was made up of men and women and all who were able to understand. 3 He read it aloud from daybreak till noon as he faced the square before the Water Gate in the presence of the men, women and others who could understand. And all the people listened attentively to the Book of the Law • 9 . . . . . all the people had been weeping as they listened to the words of the Law. • 18 Day after day, from the first day to the last, Ezra read from the Book of the Law of God. They celebrated the festival for seven days

  30. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC Return from Exile 538 BC

  31. Exodus 21 7 “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. 8 If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself, he must let her be redeemed 10 If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights. 11 If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

  32. CASE LAW

  33. CASE LAW Principles NOT detail

  34. Exodus 21 7 “If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as male servants do. 8 If she does not please the master who has selected her for himself, he must let her be redeemed 10 If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights. 11 If he does not provide her with these three things, she is to go free, without any payment of money.

  35. Donkey driver 1X per week

  36. Donkey driver 1X per week • Shop keeper, farmer, mason etc.

  37. Donkey driver 1X per week • Shop keeper, farmer, mason etc. 2X per week

  38. Donkey driver 1X per week • Shop keeper, farmer, mason etc. 2X per week • Unemployed

  39. Donkey driver 1X per week • Shop keeper, farmer, mason etc. 2X per week • Unemployed 7X per week

  40. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC Return from Exile 538 BC Alexander the great 332 BC

  41. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC Return from Exile 538 BC Alexander the great 332 BC Herod rules Roman province 37 BC

  42. Moses Law 1300 BC Saul 1050 BC Solomon 970 BC Exile of Israel 722 BC Exile of Judah 587 BC Return from Exile 538 BC Alexander the great 332 BC Herod rules Roman province 37 BC Jesus 0 BC

  43. Sadducees v Pharisees Matthew 22.25ff

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