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Comparative Analysis of Democratization: Insights from Historical Perspectives

Delve into the reasons why some states evolved into democracies in the 20th century while others didn't. Explore social, political, and cultural factors influencing democratization in England, the United States, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan. Examine research works by Barrington Moore, Reinhard Bendix, and Charles Tilly on pre-industrial transformations in different countries. Reflect on the limitations of a Western-centric historical approach in understanding global developmental processes. Gain insights into the macro historical processes shaping political democracy outcomes.

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Comparative Analysis of Democratization: Insights from Historical Perspectives

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  1. Comparative Analysis of Democratizationprof. Fulvio Venturino Comparative Politics Principles of Democracy and Democratization Chapter 2: Democracy and Democratization in Historical Perspective

  2. The key question • Why did some states become democratic as they entered the twentieth century whereas others did not? • The answer involves an examination of England, the United States, France, Germany, Russia and Japan

  3. Major explanations deal with the pre-industrial transformations • Those that focus on social explanations, largely based on class analysis • Those that concentrate on political transformations prior to industrialization • Those that focus on the importance of culture and national identity

  4. Streams of research 1 • Barrington Moore: to what extent had the old social order been swept away prior to the coming of industrialization? • Relevant comparison: England vs. Russia

  5. Streams of research 2 • Reinhard Bendix: to what extent had accountability and rule of law been established prior to the coming of industrialization? • Relevant comparison: the United States vs. Japan

  6. Streams of research 3 • Charles Tilly: to what extent had a mass national identity been established prior to the Industrial Revolution? • Relevant comparison: France vs. Germany

  7. Comparison of six cases on three dimensions of pre-industrial transformation

  8. Keep on with caution … • The historical approach is largely based on the experience of a limited number of Western cases, and hence may not adequately explain developmental processes elsewhere • The macro historical processes represent constraints in which choices can be made, regarding rules, procedures and other arrangements that may promote or detract from the development of political democracy

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