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The enlightenment

The enlightenment. The Age of Reason. “I think, therefore I am” -Rene Descartes 1637. Take a 2 minute writing break to record what you think is the meaning behind the above statement by Descartes. Essential Questions.

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The enlightenment

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  1. The enlightenment The Age of Reason

  2. “I think, therefore I am” -Rene Descartes 1637 Take a 2 minute writing break to record what you think is the meaning behind the above statement by Descartes.

  3. Essential Questions • What was the enlightenment? • What impact did it have on modern societies and governments? • How did this movement lead to the American and French Revolutions?

  4. The Enlightenment (Age of Reason)1600 and 1700’s • Intellectuals try to solve problems through rational thought and experimentation, rather than depending on the authority of ancients, religion or government • With the use of reason society’s problems could be solved • Perfectibility of man can be achieved through the power of reason • Enlightenment thinkers were concerned with society, politics and education

  5. Jean Jacques Rousseau • “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. Many a one believes himself the master of others, and yet he is a greater slave than they.” The Social Contract 1762

  6. John Locke “Of Civil Government” The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions: for men [are] all the workmanship of one omnipotent and infinitely wise Maker; all the servants of one sovereign master, sent into the world by his order, and about his business. . . .

  7. Charles de Secondat The Baron of Montesquieu • “To prevent this abuse, it is necessary, from the very nature of things, that power should be a check to power.” • “When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty. . . .” The Spirit of Laws 1749

  8. Assignment • Which of the philosophes from the Enlightenment time period inspired the creators of the Declaration of Independence the most? • Make sure you: Answer restating the question • Cite the text (textual evidence) • Elaborate

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