1 / 21

The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment. Ch. 10 . The Scientific Revolution. 10.1. Causes of Scientific Revolution. Renaissance New language skills allowed people to learn from new ideas New technology and mathematics New scientific instruments allowed for advancements and new discoveries

taline
Download Presentation

The Enlightenment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Enlightenment Ch. 10

  2. The Scientific Revolution 10.1

  3. Causes of Scientific Revolution • Renaissance • New language skills allowed people to learn from new ideas • New technology and mathematics • New scientific instruments allowed for advancements and new discoveries • New advances in math – algebra, geometry, trigonometry • New theories developed and became foundation of Scientific Revolution

  4. The Enlightenment 10.2

  5. What is the Enlightenment? • 18th century intellectual movement • Wanted to reform society to make a better life • Inspired by the Scientific Revolution • Used reason to explain the world around them • Wanted to change: • Government • Religion • Equality • Women’s rights

  6. Philosophes 1. John Locke • People were born with a “tabula rasa”, or blank slate • Product of our environment • Government shapes us

  7. 2. Isaac Newton • Believed that the physical world was a giant machine and operated according to natural laws • Enlightenment thinkers reasoned that natural laws could also govern human society

  8. 3. Montesquieu • Identified 3 types of governments • Republics • Despotism • monarchies • Believed governments should have separation of powers and checks and balances

  9. 4. Voltaire • Supported deism • Based on reason and natural law • Believed in religious freedoms

  10. 5. Deiderot • Wrote theEncyclopedia • Spread Enlightenment ideas

  11. 6. Adam Smith • Believed that people should be able to determine their own wealth • “Laissez-faire” = leave it be

  12. 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Believed in a social contract between the people and their government • People have the right to choose their own government

  13. 8. Mary Wollstonecraft • Wanted equality for women in education as well as economic and political life

  14. Impact of the Enlightenment 10.3

  15. Enlightenment and Absolutism • Enlightenment influenced politics in Europe • Believed in Natural rights for all people • Government must protect these rights • Enlightened Absolutism emerged • Most monarchs did not want to give up their power

  16. Enlightenment and the Arts • Buildings were built on a grand scale • Art was focused on happiness and love • Music • Bach, Handel, Mozart • Literature was focused on reality, heroes, and supernaturals

  17. The American Revolution 10.4

  18. Beginning of the Revolution • British was broke from the Seven Years’ War and wanted to tax the colonies • Stamp Act (1765) passed – tax on printed materials • Colonists opposed this • Repealed in 1766

  19. Revolution Begins • First Continental Congress formed in response to British actions in 1774 • 1775 – fighting broke out • July 4, 1776 – Second Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence • Written by Thomas Jefferson • Official beginning of the American Revolution

  20. American Independence • Ended in 1781 – Americans won with help of French, Dutch, and Spanish • 1783 – Treaty of Paris signed • Recognized American independence • Granted colonies territory from Appalachians to Mississippi River

  21. New Governments Articles of Confederation (1781) Constitution (1787) Inspired by Enlightenment ideas Created a federal system of government 3 branches Checks and balances Bill of Rights 1st ten amendments Protected personal freedoms • Weak central government • Power in hands of states • Feared government would become too strong • DID NOT WORK – no unity

More Related