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CLE III. A priori – multum in parvo. A priori/ a posteriori. Prior to / afterward A priori knowledge : gained before an experience, fundamental ideas that made experience of the world possible (Kant) A posteriori knowledge: gained through logic/gained after gathering knowledge.
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CLE III A priori – multum in parvo
A priori/ a posteriori • Prior to / afterward • A priori knowledge: gained before an experience, fundamental ideas that made experience of the world possible (Kant) • A posteriori knowledge: gained through logic/gained after gathering knowledge
Achates • FidusAchates
Achates • FidusAchates – faithful Achates, companion to Aeneas on his journeys, helps him scout out Carthage. Only one line is devoted to him in the Aeneid.
Ad valorem • According to value (tax)
Aeschylus • 1 of 3 Greek tragedians whose work survives (Sophocles & Euripides) • 525-456 BCE • Orestia the only complete Greek trilogy to survive (Agamemnon, Libation Bearers, The Eumenides) • Agamemnon, King of Argos, sacrificed daughter, Iphigenia, at the outset of the war between Greeks and Trojans.
Aeschylus • Clytemnestra, angered about Iphigenia and Trojan mistress Cassandra, murders husband and mistress. • Orestes, his son, eventually avenges father’s death, killing mother and her lover.
Ajax • Strongest of the Greeks, second only to Achilles in battle • 5 inch wide kneecap (Pausanius)
AlcibiadesAthenian statesman, orator, general, b. 450 BCE, led Sicilian Expedition, hopes of enriching Athens, imposing rule on Syracuse. Accused of profaning statues of Hermes and the Eleusinan Mysteries and ultimately command fell into the hands of Nicias. Expedition failed.
Anchises • Father of Aeneas
Annuitcoeptis • He approves of our undertakings
Antigone • Daughter of Jocasta and Oedipus • Wants to bury the body of Polyneikes, and does, but that makes Creon mad…
arete • Arhth • Strength in face of adversity, skill, excellence • Jamb statue at library of Ephesus (with Sophia)
Aristophanes • Greatest Greek comic, 5th cent. BC • Frogs (Euripides), Wasps (deterioration of Athens), Clouds (Socrates), Lysistrata(pacifism during the Pelopponnesian Wars – Athenian women tire of losing sons on battlefield and deny husbands marital rights until they make peace with Sparta)
Aristotle • Ethics, Physics, Metaphysics (thoughts on divine reality formulated after his treatise on nature/physics) • Dialectic – a conclusion follows from a premise • Constitution of the Athenians • Aquinas (1220s CE) and Aristotle both believed one had to live a moral, flourishing life to be happy • Aquinas did not believe reason was the only path to God like Aristotle
Aristotle (right) believed sense experience was the source of all knowledge. Plato (left) believed material world was just a copy of the real world. His metaphysics = Socrates’ division of reality into material vs. spiritual.
Armatogaecedant • Arms fall to the toga • Triumph of diplomacy and delicate sensibilities over force
Atilla • Great horsemaster • Chalons, 451
B.A. • Baccalaureus artium
b.i.d./t.i.d. • Bis/ter in die • Two/three times a day
Cadmus • Founder of Thebes, alphabet • Cow, Dragon
Carthagodelendaest • Carthage must be destroyed • Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder • Various writings about farming
Catullus • Latin lyric • Lesbia (Clodia) • Dies at 32
Ceteris paribus • With other things the same • All else being equal
Citius, altius, fortius • Faster, higher, stronger
Claudius • Calligula and Nero • Britian • Claudian Letters? • I, Claudius Robert Graves
Code of Justinian • THE codification of Roman law • Corpus juriscivilis
Codex • A book (block) format, as opposed to a scroll
Corinthian • Also it can mean libertine
Croesus • King of Lydia • Happiness in Herodotus
De gustibus non disputandumest • There is no disputing about tastes
De rerumnatura • Lucretius • The Epicurean condition
Delian League • Athenian Confederacy • Treasury at Delos…until 454
Democritus • The laughing philosopher, 460 BC • Espoused value of cheerfulness • Atomist – nature is made of atoms
Deo volente • God (being) willing
Dido • Founder and Queen of Carthage • Tyre, Anna, Sycheaus, Pygmalion, Aeneas
Dies irae • Day of Wrath • 13th century choral Latin • Typical section of requia
Doric • Style, also refers to the southern Greeks
Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori • It is sweet and fitting to die for one’s country… • But sweeter still to live and sweetest of all to drink to it. • Owen
elegiac • A couplet of two lines of dactylic hexameter • 7th c BC • Relating to an elegy, somethimes sorrow for something past. • Ovid, ArsAmatoria, Amores
Eleusinian mysteries • Every fall • Commemoration of the Rape of Persephone • mysteries or musteriai, from mustes – an initiate • Rebirth after death – pigs and cursing
encomium • Tribute, glowing and enthusiastic praise • egkwmion
epicureanism • Lucretius • Horace • Ataraxia and aponia – peace and fearlessness
Eris • Goddess of discord
Esse quam videri • To be rather than to seem • North Carolina
Euclid • Elements • Father of geometry