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Learning Theories & Theorists Cognitive vs. B ehavioral

Learning Theories & Theorists Cognitive vs. B ehavioral. By: Bianca Mares. Cognitive Learning. Behavioral Learning. “Behaviorists believe that learning is due to a change in behavior as a result of experience.” Learning By Doing.

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Learning Theories & Theorists Cognitive vs. B ehavioral

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  1. Learning Theories & TheoristsCognitive vs. Behavioral By: Bianca Mares

  2. Cognitive Learning Behavioral Learning “Behaviorists believe that learning is due to a change in behavior as a result of experience.” Learning By Doing. • “Cognitivistsstress that learning is a change in mental representations and associations resulting from experience.” • Learning from seeing.

  3. Jean Piaget- Cognitive Theorist • Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a biologist who originally studied molluscs (publishing twenty scientific papers on them by the time he was 21) but moved into the study of the development of children's understanding, through observing them and talking and listening to them while they worked on exercises he implemented.

  4. Piaget’s Developmental Theory Cognitive development is the process where by a child’s understanding of the world changes as a function of age and experience. Swiss psychologist, Piaget, suggested that children go through four separate stages in a fixed order that is universal in all children.

  5. Stages • Sensorimotor: Birth-2 yrs -lack of object permanence • Preoperational: 2-7 yrs -language as well as internal representation of the world develops • Concrete Operational: 7-12 yrs -limitations to abstract thinking • Formal Operational: 12 yrs- Adulthood -produces a new kind of thinking that is abstract, formal, and logical

  6. Educational Impact • Understanding the four stages of development is important to the learning process because the basis to all learning is determined by how the brain functions and processes information. It is important to carry out the necessary method of teaching in accordance to the age of the learner.

  7. Ivan Pavlov-Behavioral Theorist • Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936), a Russian Physiologist. Pavlov is most recognized for being the first to describe classical conditioning.

  8. Pavlov- Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning- Learning which has been acquired through experience. One of the best examples of classical conditioning is Ivan Pavlov’s experiments on dogs. In this experiment Pavlov trained his dogs to salivate whenever they heard a bell ring.

  9. Pavlov’s Dogs 1.) the dogs were shown food causing them to salivate from the sight and smell of it 2.) a bell was rung which caused no salivation 3.) a bell was rung every time food was brought to them causing salivation 4.) bell was rung without food causing dogs to salivate

  10. Educational Impact • The experiment can be applied to humans by concluding that learning can be acquired through experience. This is important to know when working with education because some students absorb knowledge better with repetition.

  11. Relevance to Adult Education • Developmental Theory and Classical Conditioning are important in adult education because they can both be implemented towards the manner of teaching. People learn by seeing and doing so to alienate one over the other is impossible because they work hand in hand.

  12. Resources • Brenda Mergel Graduate Student Educational Communications and Technology University of Saskatchewan. (May 1988). Instructional Design & Learning Theory. Retrieved October 25, 2010 from http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/802papers/mergel/brenda.htm • Pagewise. (2002) Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. Retrieved October 25, 2010 from http://www.essortment.com/all/jeanpiagettheo_rnrn.htm • Nobel Prize. (15, May 2001) Pavlov’s Dogs. Retrieved October 25, 2010 from http://nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html

  13. Resources cont. • Erupting Mind Self Improvement Tips. (2010) Classical Conditioning. Retrieved October 26, 2010 from http://www.eruptingmind.com/pavlov-classical-conditioning-theory/ • Ivan Pavlov. (14, April 2003) Ivan Pavlov. Retrieved on October 26, 2010 from http://www.ivanpavlov.com/ • Brown, A., & Green, T. D. (2006). The Essentials of Instructional Design.

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