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Osmoregulation in fishes

Osmoregulation in fishes. Osmosis. The phenomenon of water flow through a semi-permeable membrane that blocks the transport of salts or other solutes through it van't Hoff formula for o smotic pressure: p = cRT c is the molar solute concentration R is the gas constant

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Osmoregulation in fishes

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  1. Osmoregulation in fishes

  2. Osmosis • The phenomenon of water flow through a semi-permeable membrane that blocks the transport of salts or other solutes through it • van't Hoff formula for osmotic pressure: p = cRT • c is the molar solute concentration • R is the gas constant • T is the absolute temperature

  3. Osmoregulation • Osmoconformer • only Hagfish (Myxini) • Osmoregulators • Lampreys, elasmobranchs and teleosts • Stenohaline • Euryhaline

  4. Elasmobranch osmoregulation in SW • Accumulation of organic osmolytes (metabolic by-products): • Urea • TMAO (Trimethylamine n-oxide) • Protein stabilization properties • Achieve a slightly higher osmotic pressure than seawater • FW sharks and rays do not accumulate urea/TMAO

  5. Elasmobranch osmoregulation in SW

  6. Osmotic gradients in teleosts High salinity Low salinity

  7. FW SW

  8. Teleost osmoregulation in SW

  9. Chloride Cell Saltawater teleost Location:Gill & Operculum epithelia

  10. Chloride Cell Saltawater teleost

  11. Teleost osmoregulation in FW

  12. “Chloride” Cell Freshwater teleost

  13. Keep cholride cells • at all times, even • when in freshwater Fundulidae Mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus

  14. Salmonidae Atlantic salmon Salmo salar • Develop more chloride and accesory cells when migrate to SW (parr-smolt) • Degenereration of chloride- accessory cell complexes when returning to FW (adults)

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