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European Project Semester

European Project Semester. Team Caterpillar. Alejandro Hombravella Alican Kiliçaslan Carolin Rüss J é r é my P é ral è s. C ATERPILLAR. What is the project about ? Project goal is a well-documented IMO III medium-speed marine engine concept rating by application.

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European Project Semester

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  1. European Project Semester Team Caterpillar Alejandro Hombravella Alican Kiliçaslan Carolin Rüss Jérémy Péralès

  2. CATERPILLAR Whatistheprojectabout? • Project goal is a well-documented IMO III medium-speed marine engine concept rating by application. Plan toachievethegoal: • Scrubber • Catalyst • Boiler • Exhaust Gas Silencer • Funnel • Exampleexhaust gas cleaningsystem EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  3. Goal To create a catalogue of optimum configurations of exhaust gas cleaning systems for different types of HFO diesel engines to fulfill the IMO 3 criterias Other main focusses: • cost of equipment • cost of equipment in action • cost of service • repairing situation and spare parts • place in ship EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  4. IMO 3 EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  5. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  6. EXHAUST GAS CLEANİNG SYSTEM EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  7. EXHAUST GAS CLEANING SYSTEM EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER Wet exhaust gas cleaning system Dry exhaust gas cleaning system An effective and advanced exhaust system must achieve and ensure four main objectives: 1 - To reduce noise level by between 40% and 90% through the insertion of silencers end/or silencer-separators; 2 - To cool the exhaust, and eject the engine cooling water through the exhaust without excessive back pressure; 3 - To site the outlets at the stern of the boat to minimise exhaust fumes on board; 4 - To minimize, by the insertion of an adeguate capacity silencer, the risk of water running back up the exhaust and into the engine cylinders, causing serious engine damages.

  8. TIME PLAN EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER achieve information about system material, function, cost, dimensions suppliers of components examples for existing configurations create own configurations

  9. Scrubber How does it work? Sulphur Oxides SOx (SO2) dissolves within water vapour forming airborne acids. What is it made of? Formed from sulphur contained in oil during combustion and refining processes. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  10. Scrubber Water ph is elevated with alkalitysodiumhydroxide ( NaOH ) Enteringexhaust gas stream sulphur oxides are captured and neutralizedbyscrubbing waterchemicallyformingsulphates 3. Cleanedexhaust gas exits 4. Water and sulphides return to processcollectiontank EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  11. Scrubber(OPEN LOOP) EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  12. Scrubber(CLOSED LOOP) EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  13. Scrubber EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  14. Scrubber EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  15. Scrubber Summary of integrated scrubber • Avoid increased exhaust gas back pressure caused by cleaning devices. • Reduce the amount of equipment needed for SOx-cleaning of exhaust gases from all relevant combustion units onboard. • Provide a higher cleaning performance in port conditions where the total flow of exhaust gases is smaller than in normal seagoing conditions, utilising such higher performance as inherent in some exhaust gas cleaning devices when operated at reduced exhaust gas flow. Thus all combustion units can use the same fuel in all areas and all conditions. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  16. Scrubber • Scrubbing is the cheapest way to comply • Fresh water scrubber is the only technology to: • Make zero effluent discharge possible • Be always in control of reduction efficiency • Have the smallest energy consumption • Have no creation of CO2 caused by neutralization process • Wärtsilä fresh water scrubber solutions are fit for new building and retrofit, for any engines and boilers’ brands. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  17. Scrubber EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  18. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst for EMD Engines) A catalytic converter is a device used to reduce the toxicity of emissions from an internal combustion engine. A catalytic converter provides an environment for a chemical reaction wherein toxic combustion by-products are converted to less-toxic substances.

  19. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  20. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  21. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER • A diesel oxidation converter has two simultaneous tasks: • Oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide: • 2CO + O2 → 2CO2 • Oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons (unburnt and partially-burnt fuel) to carbon dioxide and water: • 2CxHy + (2x+y/2)O2 → 2xCO2 + yH2O • .

  22. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  23. CATALYTIC CONVERTER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER Heatable catalyzer, section of the warmed heating unit Tiny reaction rooms

  24. SUPPLIERS EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER WÄRTSİLÄ DCL NETT

  25. BOILER What is the purpose ? To obtain boiled water by heating water or other fluid in a closed vessel. What is it made of ? Made of steel or raw iron, assembly by rivetting EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  26. BOILER Which fuel ? Combustion : wood, coal, oil or natural gas Electric steam boilers : resistance or immersion-type heating elements EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  27. BOILER Fire-tube boiler • Tubes of hot gases running through a sealed container of water • High-pressure • Horizontal or vertical EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  28. BOILER Water-tube boiler • Tubes of water heated externally by the fire • High-pressure • Vertical EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  29. BOILER Fire-tube boiler Used on all steam (mostly in locomotives) Water-tube boiler Used on ships (marine) EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  30. BOILER For diesel engines, one or two smaller boilers are used on the ship. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  31. BOILER Suppliers • Aalborg Industries • Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD • Kangrim • Garioni Naval • Chromalox EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  32. EXHAUST GAS SILENCER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  33. EXHAUST GAS SILENCER • Absorption Principle • Sound waves are directed to a blown material such as steel wool, mineral wool or fibreglass.dissipate with friction into heat. -> acustic noise resorbed • Exhaust gas goes through a perforated pipe in the blown material. • Good for high frequencies (500-8000Hz) force depends on geometrie of perforation, sound absorption coefficient and apparent density of material very low loss of exhaust gas pressure noise reduction loss maximum 50dB • which is a loss of sound pressure • about 300times EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  34. EXHAUST GAS SILENCER Features low skin temperature (LST) design extra layer of packed acustic/thermal insulation that reduces heat and noise maximum aceptable exhaust gas speed between 20-40m/sec Easy installation in any position Advanced acustical design Thick wall construction for high transmission loss Reduces noxious fumes and odors Long life service Weight from 125-1755kg EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  35. EXHAUST GAS SILENCER 2. Reflexion principle Empty case with normally 4 chambers. Different sized rooms combined with shifted arranged pipes to reflect and deflect the acustic noise. Also averaging of sound pressure amplitude and duplicating of acustic noises Pipes with different perforations and sizes. -> improving interference Hull gets very hot, because it gets in direct contact with exhaust gas Increasing of gas pressure Good for low frequences EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER 35

  36. EXHAUST GAS SILENCER Example: Absorption exhaust gas silencer AGSD 25 Frequenz 500Hz Reduction of noise 34dB EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER 36

  37. Acustic velocity = frequence * wave lenght Acustic velocity in the air = 343m/s Lenght of silencer wave lenght/2 Example: 100Hz L = 1,5215m SIZE OF SILENCER EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER 37

  38. SUPPLIERS HUSS LBF Lindenberg LS Luhe-Stahl Silencer Marine Vetus Puck Taylor Universal Kaefer Maxim AGSD EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  39. FUNNEL EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  40. FUNNEL Functions removal of smoke and exhaust gasidentification of the ship- owner companydirect the smoke up in the air to disturb nocodybypass the friction resistance don`t foul the decks and ship structures Appendage very high funnelslittle fins to turbulate the exhaust gas and guide it to the horizontal direction How does it work Gas inside is warm and therefore have a lower weight than the cold air outside.So they have to climb up the funnel pipe. They build a room with less air pressure, in which the cold air is going. Gauge pressure is about 0,0009-0,0015 bar, depends on the resistance. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  41. FUNNEL Funnel area The required funnel cross-sectional area is determined by the volume of exhaust gases produced by the propulsion plant. Often this area is too great for a single funnel. Early steam vessels needed multiple funnels had 5 when launched, but as efficiency increased new machinery needed fewer funnels. Suppliers Ditco EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  42. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  43. DRY EXHAUST GAS CLEANING SYSTEM EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  44. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

  45. EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER

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