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Politics & Progressivism in the Late 1800s: Laissez-faire, Populists, and Progressives

Explore the politics of the late 1800s dominated by laissez-faire philosophy, the rise of populism and progressivism, and key government actions and figures. Learn about the push for reform and its impact on various social issues.

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Politics & Progressivism in the Late 1800s: Laissez-faire, Populists, and Progressives

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  1. Unit 6 Review:Politics & Progressivism

  2. Part I. The Big Picture • Politics in the late 1800s was dominated by the laissez-faire philosophy. Describe this philosophy.

  3. Laissez-faire • Laissez-faire is the belief that the government should be minimally involved in the regulation of the economy. It’s a hands-off approach to government that allows capitalism to operate without much restriction.

  4. However… 2. The government actually actively supported big business. Provide 2 examples of how the government sided with the wealthy in the late 1800s.

  5. Business-friendly Gov’t • Land grants and loans to railroads • Use of troops & injunctions to end strikes

  6. 2 Groups Challenges the Status Quo: Populists & Progressives 3. Who were the Populists?

  7. Populism • The populist movement was made up primarily of farmers who wanted the government to help the average American rather than the economic elite.

  8. Progressivism 4. Define progressivism

  9. Progressivism • Progressivism is the belief that society’s problems can be solved through more active government.

  10. Who were the Progressives? 5. If farmers made up most of the Populist party, who were the progressives?

  11. Progressives • Urban • Often Middle & Upper Class • Often protestant • Many female leaders • Note: different causes attracted different people—the progressive movement was diverse.

  12. Progressive Report CardWhat grade would you give in the following areas? Environmental Protection Racial Equality Business Regulation Temperance Political Reform Consumer Protection Immigration Women’s Rights Municipal Reform (making cities better) Workplace Reform

  13. Part II. People Who Am I?

  14. Who Am I? • I created the Hull House in Chicago as a way to help poor immigrants. Later, I became an anti-war activist.

  15. Who Am I? • As the boss of Tammany Hall, I represented the political corruption that the progressives wanted to end.

  16. Who Am I? • I was the Democratic nominee for President in 1896 and 1900, but I lost both times. I championed the free silver issue and gave the famous Cross of Gold speech.

  17. Who Are We? • We are investigative journalists who uncovered problems and corruption. We helped point out the need for reform. TR called us:

  18. Who Am I? • I’m a muckraker who wrote The Jungle about the horrors of the Chicago meat packing industry.

  19. Who Am I? • I’m a muckraker who wrote about the terrible conditions of the slums in How the Other Half Lives. He blamed the immigrants for most of the problems.

  20. Who Am I? • I became a leading advocate for access to birth control and founded Planned Parenthood.

  21. Who Am I? • I was the first president to embrace progressivism. I also ended an era of weak “caretaker” presidents. My vigor got me on Mount Rushmore.

  22. Who Am I? • I succeeded TR as President. I was more conservative, but I was a strong trust-buster. • Oh, and I got stuck in the White House bathtub

  23. Who Am I? • I won the 3-way election of 1912. In my 8 years as president, I helped pass many progressive reforms and led the nation through World War I.

  24. Who Am I? • I wasn’t president, but I was a governor of WI and a senator. Remember, a lot of the work of the progressives was done at the state level.

  25. Who Am I? • I disagreed with Booker T. Washington because he was too patient. I wanted equal rights immediately. I helped found the NAACP and was the first black to receive a PhD from Harvard.

  26. Who Am I? • I am a public school reformer who encouraged schools to allow children more social and intellectual freedom. Encouraged learning through experience.

  27. Who Am I? • I was the nations first professional forester. TR appointed me to oversee the US forest service. Later, when I was fired under Taft, TR got so mad he ran for President again.

  28. Part III. Government Action Decisions, Laws & Agencies Some good, some not so good…

  29. Name the law • This 1883 Act of congress encouraged civil service reform

  30. Name the Court Case • Showing their conservative approach to Civil Rights, this Supreme Court case in 1883 established that the 14th amendment only applied to government.

  31. Name the Court Case • This 1896 decision gave official SC approval to segregation (separate, but equal)

  32. Name the law • This Act of congress created the FDA and required the accurate labeling of drugs (1906)

  33. Name the law • This Act of congress, passed in 1906, addressed the sanitary concerns raised in The Jungle

  34. Name the Agency • This agency was created by TR to oversee the national forests that he seeking to preserve.

  35. Name the Amendment • This amendment prohibited the sale and manufacturing of alcohol. Passed in 1919.

  36. Name the Amendment • This amendment allowed the federal government to collect income taxes.

  37. Name the Amendment • This amendment established that the right to vote shall not be abridged due to sex (women’s suffrage)

  38. Name the Amendment • This amendment changed the process of electing US Senators from appointment to popular vote.

  39. Name the Law • This act of congress, passed in 1914 strengthened the Sherman-anti Trust Law for the purpose of decreasing monopolistic practices.

  40. Name the Agency • Created in 1914, this “watch dog” agency was created to enforce federal business regulations (3 letter acronym)

  41. Name the Law • Passed in 1913, this act created a new federal banking system. It created the “fed” which today can raise and lower interest rates.

  42. Part IV. Other Stuff Terms, concepts, etc…

  43. Name 3 Specific Political Reforms the Progressives Supported

  44. Political Reforms • Direct Elections of Senators • Secret ballot • Direct primaries (instead of caucuses) • Referendum • Recall • Voter registration laws • Women’s suffrage

  45. Name the Film • This 1915 DW Griffith film glorified the Ku Klux Klan.

  46. Wilson Campaign • Name the Woodrow Wilson campaign slogan that promised to break up trusts and return America to a time of small shops. How did this differ from Roosevelt? Did Wilson achieve his goal?

  47. Name the place • This was the gateway through which more than 12 million immigrants passed between 1892 and 1954.

  48. Learning from Mistakes • This fire killed many and prompted workplace safety reform.

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