The Progressive Movement

1. The Progressive Movement

2. Rise of Progressivism • Early 1900s American society transformed by reforms • Progressivism was not a political movement • Progressivism worked to fix problems in society • Progressives were urban, educated middle-class Americans

3. Problems Leading to Progressivism • Industrialization • Urbanization

4. How Progressives Work • Doubted the strength of a free market’s ability to fix social problems • Doubted the governments ability to fix social problems • Solution • Needed to fix the government first • Used scientific principles to solve social problems

5. MUCKRAKERS • Journalists who investigated social conditions and political reform • Got their name from a Roosevelt speech • By early 1900s American publishers were competing to see who could expose the most corruption and scandal • McClure’s Collier’s • Munsey’s

6. Noteworthy Muckrakers • IDA TARBELL – attacked Standard Oil Co. • CHARLES RUSSELL – attacked beef industry • David Philips – money influencing Senate • Lincoln Steffens – vote stealing & political corruption • Jacob Riis – poverty, diseases, and crime affecting immigrant neighborhoods

7. Fixing Government • Progressives applied ideas from business • The Principles of Scientific Management • Time management • Distributing tasks • Standard tools • Commission Plan • Government divided into several departments

8. Democracy and Progressivism • Elected officials more responsive to voters • Robert La Follette • Attacked political corruption • Pushed for a direct primary

10. Laboratory of Democracy • Direct Primary • All party members vote for a candidate to run in an election. • Initiative • Allowed citizens to introduce legislation • Referendum • Allowed legislation to be voted on by people • Recall • Allowed voters to remove an elected official with a special election.

11. Women’s Suffrage Movement • Right to Vote • Seneca Falls Convention (1848) • Problems with Movement (1900) • No support – weak! • 14 & 15 Amendments do not include women • Suffrage Movement Splits 1. National Woman Suffrage Association - wanted a constitutional amendment 2. American Woman Suffrage Association - convince state gov. to include women

12. Movement Builds Support • National American Woman Suffrage Assoc. • National problem!- women need to be active • Movement gains progress • Supports Woodrow Wilson • 19th Amendment • Womens suffrage

16. Child Labor • 1.7 million children under age of 16 working • National Child Labor Committee • Worked to abolish child labor • States began passing laws to set minimum age for employment • Lewis Hine photographs children

18. The History Place - Child Labor in America

19. Prohibition Movement • Progressives believe alcohol responsible for societal problems • Temperance movement • moderation or elimination of alcohol • Women’s Christian Temperance Union • Prohibition • Banning the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol

20. The Bureau of Corporations • Found in Department of Commerce and Labor • Federal agency to investigate corporations & publicize the results. • Roosevelt could regulate big business without having to sacrifice economy.

21. Hepburn Act • Strengthened Interstate Commerce Commission • Gave ICC power to set railroad rates

22. Social Welfare Action • Meat Inspection Act • Federal Inspection of Meat • Set standards for cleanliness in packing plants • Pure Food and Drug Act • Stopped sale and shipping of falsely labeled food and drugs

23. Conservation • Newlands Reclamation Act • Federal funds from public land sales to pay for land development projects

24. ECONOMY • Reforming Banks • Federal Reserve Act: • Banks would keep portion of deposits in reserve bank • Board of Governors – set interest rates • Controls inflation • Federal Trade Commission • Monitor American business • Worked with business to limit unfair competition • Clayton Antitrust Act • Banned tying agreements & price discrimination