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SEERCP 2009, Sofia, Bulgaria. WS_N: Tolerance for ambiguity, creativity and personality. Part One Ambiguity Tolerance : The construct and its application. Katya Stoycheva. Saturday, October 31, 2009. Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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SEERCP 2009, Sofia, Bulgaria WS_N: Tolerance for ambiguity, creativity and personality Part One Ambiguity Tolerance : The construct and its application Katya Stoycheva Saturday, October 31, 2009
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Institute of Psychology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Dimitar Shtetinski Kalina Popova Rina Bajdekova Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University Krassimira Komneva Elena Glutnikova Valentina Lessenska Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Jacobs Foundation NATO Research Fellowship Laboratory of Cognition and Development University Rene Descartes, Paris, France The Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Purpose • explore the notion of ambiguity tolerance • describe individual differences in tolerance - intolerance of ambiguity • outline its application to the study of human development and behaviour Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Tolerance e.g. political tolerance Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application UNESCO Declaration of principles on tolerance - 1995 Tolerance is respect, acceptance and appreciation of the rich diversity of our world's cultures, our forms of expression and ways of being human. It means accepting the fact that human beings, naturally diverse in their appearance, situation, speech, behaviour and values, have the right to live in peace and to be as they are. Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Tolerance e.g. political tolerance e.g. frustration tolerance e.g. pain tolerance Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Ambiguity new, complex and contradictory situations vague, incomplete, unclear or fragmented stimuli unstructured stimuli probabilities and unpredictability Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Ambiguity Tolerance Describes individual behaviour in ambiguous situations where one has to act with lack of information or lack of clarity in the available information Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Tolerance - Intolerance of Ambiguity perceptions feelings reactions Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application CL1 - CL42 need for closure ST43 - ST54 need for structure CG55 - CG99 need for cognition EV100 - EV115 need for evaluation PR116 - PR135 need for precision UN136 - UN162 intolerance of uncertainty AF163 - AF188 need for affect Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application JUDGES 10 Bulgarian doctoral students 1 men and 9 women aged 24 to 30 10 French doctoral students 2 men and 8 women aged 26 to 38 ITEMS 188 items translated into Bulgarian and into French Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application • Categories of items • Items with consensus on relatedness • Items with consensus on non relatedness • Items with opposite consensus in the two groups of judges • Items with no consensus in both groups • Items with a consensus in one of the groups but not in the other Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application CL ST CG EV PR UN AF Items 42 12 45 16 20 27 26 Related 38 11 13 10 19 26 4 Non related 6 10 Opposite 1 1 1 No consensus 1 8 1 Differing 3 17 5 1 1 11 Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application CL ST CG EV PR UN AF Items 38 11 13 10 19 26 14 Strong 17 7 1 1 2 18 0 above 2,50 Moderate 17 4 4 7 14 6 0 2,00 to 2,50 Weak 4 0 9 2 3 2 4 1,00 to 2,00 Unrelated 0 0 6 0 0 0 10 below 1,00 Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Items with a complete consensus on relatedness I become uncomfortable when the rules in a situation are not clear (ST54). I like to know precisely what is meant by information that I learn (PR118). The ambiguities in life stress me (UN161). Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application 42 out of 46 strongly related items discomfort and frustration inability to act in ambiguous situation avoidance of ambiguity in one’s understanding of a situation, event or idea avoidance of the encounter with ambiguity 4 out of 46 strongly related items positive experience in uncertain or ambiguous situations preference for exploration Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Items unrelated to AT an approach orientation towards experiencing of emotions (7 items AF) the importance assigned to being intellectual and developing one’s intellectual skills (6 items CG) an avoidance approach to emotional experiences (3 items AF) Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Ambiguity tolerance: The construct and its application Areas of application Decision making Innovation Paranormal phenomena Education Mental health Medicine Counseling and therapy, and . . . . . . Katya Stoycheva (SEERCP 2009)
Katya Stoycheva Ambiguity Tolerance: The construct and its application THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ! WS_N: Tolerance for ambiguity, creativity and personality SEERCP 2009, Sofia, Bulgaria