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Chapter 1 Notes

Chapter 1 Notes. The Properties of Matter. What is Matter?. Matter is anything that has Mass and Volume Mass is the amount of matter an object contains. Units: grams (g), kilograms (kg) Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

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Chapter 1 Notes

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  1. Chapter 1 Notes The Properties of Matter

  2. What is Matter? • Matter is anything that has Mass and Volume • Mass is the amount of matteran object contains. • Units: grams (g), kilograms (kg) • Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. • Units: liquids: liters (L), milliliters (mL), Solids: cubic centimeters (cm3) mL = cm3

  3. Vocabulary YOUneed to know! Meniscus Read at the bottom of the meniscus!

  4. Physical vs. Chemical Properties

  5. Physical Properties • Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter. • Examples: • Color • Odor • Mass • Volume • Density (Density = Mass/Volume) • State – Solid, Liquid, or Gas? • Malleability – Can I flatten it? • Ductility – Can I stretch it into a thin wire? • Solubility – Can I dissolve it in something? • Thermal Conductivity – Does it carry heat?

  6. Chemical Properties • Chemical properties describe a substance’s ability to change into a new, different substance with different properties. • Examples: • Flammability – Does it burn? • Reactivity – Does it react when mixed with some other substance to make a new substance?

  7. Characteristic Properties • Characteristic properties are always the same, whether the object is large or small. • Characteristic properties can be physical or chemical. • Examples: Examples that are NOT: • DensityᵒSize • Solubility ᵒ Volume • Reactivity ᵒ Shape • Boiling Point ᵒ State of Matter

  8. Physical Changes • In a physical change, a physical property changes, but the identity of the substance does not change. • Physical changes are sometimes easy to undo • Examples: • Melting ice or boiling water • Ripping paper into pieces • Dissolving sugar into water

  9. Chemical Changes • In a chemical change, a substance changes into a different substance. • Chemical changes are usually difficultto undo. • Examples: • Burning wood or “snakes” • Spoiling milk (curdling) • Rusting metal • Baking a cake

  10. Evidence of a chemical change • Change in color (unexpected) • Unexpected change in temperature Endothermic – heat is absorbed. (feels cooler) Exothermic – heat is released. (feels hotter) • Gas produced (bubbles appear, foaming) • Odor produced (smells) • A solid forms (precipate) when two liquids are mixed • Electricity is generated • Light is produced • Fire is produced

  11. Try it! • http://www.gamequarium.org/dir/Gamequarium/Science/Physical_and_Chemical_Changes/

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