Number SMART starter

1. Number SMART starter Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important.

4. Why did the gulf between the superpowers widen? To explain why the superpower relationships deteriorated from 1947 To understand the key features of the Truman doctrine, Marshall Plan, containment, Cominform and Comecon The BIG picture Examine the attitude and contribution of president Truman Make inferences from a pictorial source. To order reasons why the Cold War began.

5. Beginning of 1945 Gulf quite small FDR Stalin

6. By the end of 1945 The gulf is big FDR dies and is replaced by Harry Truman

7. 1. What does this quote tell us about the attitude of Truman? There isn’t any doubt in my mind that Russia intends an invasion of Turkey. Unless Russia is faced with an iron fist and strong language, another war is in the making. I am tired of babysitting the Soviets Taken from the ‘Truman Doctrine’ Speech • Truman absolutely hated Stalin. • He was convinced that the USSR wanted to take over the whole of Europe. • He was determined to stand up to Stalin.

8. Why did the gulf between the superpowers widen? To explain why the superpower relationships deteriorated from 1947 To understand the key features of the Truman doctrine, Marshall Plan, containment, Cominform and Comecon The BIG picture Examine the attitude and contribution of president Truman Make inferences from a pictorial source. To order reasons why the Cold War began.

9. The Truman Doctrine, 1947 Input In 1947, President Truman gave a speech which later was referred to as the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine outlined Americas attitude and stance towards the Soviet Union and the spread of communism. “The world is becoming divided into two armed camps – the capitalist camp which is free and the communist camp which is not free. The USA will use its economic and military strength to protect the world. The USA will do everything it can to contain communism” Truman 1947 The Truman Doctrine was a policy of Containment • What methods were the USA prepared to use to protect the world from communism? • What was the main aim of the Truman Doctrine? • What type of policy was the doctrine?

10. The Marshall Plan, 1947 Input To support the policy of containment, the USA provided economic aid to European countries that were vulnerable to communism. This was known as the Marshall plan. • How would it work? • It was viewed that the countries most likely to fall under the influence of a communist government was those countries who were suffering economically after WW2. • These countries may have been damaged or lost their industry through the war. They may have high unemployment, face food shortages or be living in poverty. • The USA believed that if they could send these vulnerable countries financial aid (money) then they would be able to achieve a level of prosperity to resist the temptation of communism. • Whilst this act would cost America millions of $ and may appear generous it would also ensure vital trade markets remained open to the USA.

11. The Marshall Plan, 1947 Input I am very very angry. The USA is trying to take over the world • What were the results • General George Marshall (who the plan is named after) invited countries to meet up to sort out aid for Europe after the was. • 16 countries joined Organisation for European Economic Recovery, this eve included Stalin and the Soviet Union. • The USA provided $17 billion to help countries rebuild their economies and lent them machinery to restart their industries. • Stalin mistrusted the USA and believed they were simply trying to take over Europe. Stalin also didn’t want the USA to find out how weak the Soviet Union was. • As a consequence he withdrew the Soviet Union and prevented other Eastern European countries such as Czechoslovakia and Poland from joining,

12. The Soviet Unions response

13. COMINFORM Input • COMINFORM • The Communist Information Bureau. • Set up in 1947. • It was the USSR response to the Truman Doctrine. • It was introduced to ensure that the states in Eastern Europe followed Soviet aims in foreign policy. • It also introduced Soviet style economic policies such as collectivisation of agriculture and state control of industry COMINFORM

14. COMECON Input • COMECON • The Council for Mutual Assistance. • Set up in 1949. • It was the USSR response to the Marshall Plan • It was introduced so that the Soviet Union coud financial support other countries in eastern Europe. • It gave the Soviet Union control of the economies of each of these countries and encouraged each to specialise in a particular area for the benefit of the whole Soviet Union. • Examples of this are; Czechoslovakia and East Germany focused on heavy industry. Romainia, Bulgaria and Hungary focused upon the production of food. COMECON

15. Review Communism West Versus Stalin Truman Cominform Marshall Plan

16. Exam questions Briefly describe the key features of: The Truman Doctrine Marshall Aid Cominform Comecon (6) Why did the gulf widen between the Superpowers in the year 1947? (12)

17. Why did the gulf widen between the Superpowers in the year 1947? (12) • This question is about making links between factors/ events. • Use the following linking words; furthermore,in addition, as a result of,consequently, subsequently,this led to . . . This led to subsequently Furthermore As a result of this The communist established cominform The Marshall Plan The Greek government was able to resist the Communists The Truman Doctrine

18. (b) (ii) Briefly explain the key features of Cominform (1947) and Comecon (1949). (6)

19. Number SMART starter Number SMART starter Number SMART starter Number SMART starter Number SMART starter Number SMART starter Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important. Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important. Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important. Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important. Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important. Number the following in order of importance as to why the cold war began. 1 most important. 7 least. You can rate more than one equally important.