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The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict. 1947: U.N. Partition of Palestine. The UN proposed an Arab state and a Jewish state. Jews accepted the proposal. Arabs rejected it. Israel declares independence in 1948 and is immediately attacked.

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The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

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  1. The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

  2. 1947: U.N. Partition of Palestine • The UN proposed an Arab state and a Jewish state. • Jews accepted the proposal. Arabs rejected it. • Israel declares independence in 1948 and is immediately attacked. • Israel wins more land than it would’ve received from the proposal.

  3. 1964: The PLO Formed Palestine Liberation Organization • Created by Egypt, not Palestinians • Intended to control Palestinian nationalism, but fuels it instead • Yasir Arafat, a former terrorist, becomes leader

  4. 1967: The Six Day War Syrian forces ready here • Israel saw Arab forces massing on its borders • Rather than wait, Israelis launch a pre-emptive strike • Israel surprises the Arab forces and soundly defeats them Jordanian forces ready here Egyptian forces dug in here.

  5. Israel before and after the 1967 Six-day war.

  6. 1973: The Yom Kippur War • Israel attacked by Egypt and Syria. • Not a decisive victory like 1967. • Armies entangled in a stalemate. • As a result of U.S. support for Israel, OPEC imposed an embargo on the U.S.

  7. 1978: Camp David Accords • MenachemBegin and Anwar Sadat meet at Camp David with Jimmy Carter. • Israel agrees to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula in exchange for peace and future negotiation over the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Carter Sadat Begin

  8. Sinai Peninsula returned to Egypt as a result of the Camp David Peace Accords.

  9. 1987: The Intifada “Shaking off” • Spontaneous: sparked by a traffic accident. • Radicalized people who had previously been silent. • Generational shift in the fighting. • Youths often fighting Israeli forces with rocks • 1,119 Palestinians killed. • 15,320 detentions without charge. • 87,726 acres of land confiscated.

  10. 1993: Oslo Peace Accords • Secret peace talks between the PLO and Israel in Norway. • Marks a change in Israeli attitude towards Yasser Arafat and the PLO. • Creates the Palestinian National Authority

  11. 2000: Second Intifada • Camp David Peace Talks fail • Armed factions attack Israeli civilian centers • Suicide bombers • West Bank Security Fence constructed • Erodes Israeli support for moderate peace measures

  12. 2004: Yasser Arafat dies • Signals a changing of the “old guard” within the PLO. • Israelis see the PLO as more legitimate now with Arafat gone. • “Official” end of second Intifada shortly follows

  13. 2005: Israeli Disengagement • Many hardliners realize that settlement is impossible • Israel pulls out of Gaza & turns it over to the Palestinian Authority • Signals a change from the “not one inch” days of Begin • Israeli public opinion split over the issue • Some Jewish settlers must be forcibly removed

  14. 2006: Hamas wins election • Opposed to peace with Israel; supported by Iran • Intensification of rocket fire from Gaza into Israel • Israel responds by blockading Gaza • Palestinians smuggle arms & supplies into Gaza • Leads to autonomous rule in the West Bank & Gaza

  15. 2011: Palestine Recognition? • Palestine Authority moves a resolution in the UN for recognition of Palestine statehood • As of December 2011, 128 of the 193 member states of the UN have recognized the State of Palestine.

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