Welcome to the ARAB SPRING!

1. Welcome to the ARAB SPRING! What is it, what do the people want, and what is going on?

2. LEADER Tunisia -President Ben Ali President 1987-2011 23 years Demands/Requests- Tunisians were angry over high unemployment, food inflation, and government corruption Muhammad Bouazizi set himself on fire (Martyr)

3. The PEOPLE Outcome in Tunisia *First protests inspiring the Arab Spring • President fled the country after 23 years • International arrest warrant, charging him for money laundering and drug trafficking • Sentenced to life imprisonment-Living in Saudi Arabia in exhile

4. LEADERPresident Hosni Mubarak of Egypt • Provided stability for Egypt for 30 years • Peace with Israel, no violent attacks on either side • Stability for foreigners • Cracks down on religious extremists and terrorists • Economic success • Re-elected by majority votes

5. The PEOPLE Egypt • Ruled for with an iron fist for 30 years. • Under Mubarak… • Police can arrest people without charge • Police torture and cruelty • Detain prisoners indefinitely • Security forces • Limited freedoms (speech/expression/assembly) • Corruption • Monopoly on power • No free and fair elections • Opposed to worker’s rights • No one can run against him in elections • Legalized censorship • Family wealth between $40-70 billion • http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/01/25/world/middleeast/1248069586905/day-of-anger-in-egypt.html (Anger in Egypt 2:02)

6. OUTCOME in Egypt • Mubarak is overthrown • Democratic Elections held- Member of the Muslim Brotherhood Elected • New Leader overthrown and new elections held

7. LEADERPresident Colonel Qaddafi of Libya • Longest serving leader of Libya- 42 years and rules with an iron fist. • provide stability to country • Brought popular democracy to Libya • Focused on education and Islamic morals • Great Manmade River- largest freshwater pipeline

8. The PEOPLE Libya • Under his rule… • Garbage in streets • Poor infrastructure • High unemployment (30%) • Controls the media • Uses violence against the people • He and his family have accumulated over $60 billion • Killed Libyan dissidents abroad • Police crackdowns Watch for OUTCOME http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5dF1QnqnFc (ABC News on death 3:47)

9. The POWERAli Abdullah Saleh al-Hashidi of Yemen • Protested for him to resign after short three years. • lacked of democratic reform • widespread corruption • human rights abuses were carried out by him and his allies. • injured by a rocket attack on his palace’s mosque during prayer.

10. The PEOPLEYemen Under his presidency: • Government security forces are: killing of civilians Using excessive force arbitrarily detaining citizens torturing and ill treating citizens with things like suffocation. • Checkpoints • Disruption of utilities such as gas and water. • Bombings of neighbors by military • http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/09/19/world/middleeast/100000001062499/timescast-protesters-killed-in-yemen.html • http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/01/27/world/middleeast/1248069592784/yemenis-demand-change-of-government.html (protests in Yemen 1:30)

11. The POWERBashar al-Assad of Syria • Wants unity between government, state institutions and the people. • Created a constitution that allows demonstrations • Is open to any suggestions by the people • Believes in a strength of the Syrian citizens and their all participation where they know their rights and their place.

12. The People Syria • Military conducts military and policing operations • Attacks on peaceful protesters occurring at an alarming rate (no one has been tried for these attacks) • Paying high taxes • Average person earns about $250.00 a month • High unemployment, many people actually travel to Lebanon where they are treated extremely bad • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMtczLMjmaU (Syrian Conflict in 5 Minutes) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_hhpGSZi84 (interview with Charlie Rose 8:00)

13. Extra Syrian Videos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_88DhYEAzUOverview 2:30 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOzA0z_c0rk • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yosvahug9E&feature=relmfu(crimes) • http://upfront.scholastic.com/issues/04_22_13/book#/12 Upfront Overview 2:34 • http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/syria-crisis-government-attacks-continue-15528025 (1:10) • http://upfront.scholastic.com/issues/09_17_12/book#/16 2:08 • http://edition.cnn.com/video/?hpt=hp_c3#/video/world/2012/09/25/intv-syria-suffering-children.cnn Children in Syria 3:31

14. What about the PEOPLE?What do they want? • Human rights • Democracy • Freedom from a dictator • Fair Economic Opportunities

15. Tunisia- President Ben Ali ousted, and government overthrown. Egypt- President Hosni Mubarak ousted, and government overthrown. Continued popular protest against military provisional government. Libya- Muammar Gaddafi killed after a civil war with foreign military intervention, and government overthrown. Yemen-President Ali Abdullah Saleh stepped down after months of popular protests. The Situation in the Middle East • Syria-Civil War • Civil uprisings against the governments of Syria and Bahrain, despite government changes. • Kuwait, Lebanon and Oman implementing government changes in response to protests. • Morocco, Jordan implementing constitutional reforms in response to protests. • Ongoing protests in Algeria, Iraq, and other countries.

16. Arab Spring • All these countries, all these people wanted a change in their governments • In the summer of 2011 the Arab Spring grew and protestors used facebook, twitter, social media to spread the word of change • Millions took to the streets • Violence occurred, but did it work??? • http://abcnews.go.com/2020/video/year-revolutions-katie-couric-this-year-2011-special-middle-east-wall-street-protest-2020-15167202 (stop at 5:54)

17. The People Force Changes…Social Media is the Answer • http://worldblog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/09/15/7758131-how-rap-music-fueled-the-arab-spring-uprisings (rap and Arab Spring 8:07)

18. Arab Spring • http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/01/25/world/middleeast/1248069586905/day-of-anger-in-egypt.html (Anger in Egypt 2:02) • http://worldblog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2011/09/15/7758131-how-rap-music-fueled-the-arab-spring-uprisings (rap and Arab Spring 8:07) • http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/01/27/world/middleeast/1248069592784/yemenis-demand-change-of-government.html (protests in Yemen 1:30) • http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7368428n&tag=mncol;lst;6 (2:41 current rages) • http://www.mediaite.com/tv/cnns-amber-lyon-talks-to-mediaite-about-being-detained-in-bahrain-and-the-digital-roots-of-the-arab-spring/ (6:30 facebook) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SgkyQp7MuQ News MUSIC 3:17 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43wezG6MeGM (Arabs Unite)