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Emergence of Modern Science

Emergence of Modern Science. Longevity and Human Health. Why do we age?. The lifecycle of a cell Mitosis and meiosis apoptosis Symbiosis and disease Symbiotes Cancer Battle with the environment Infection Oxidation. What can we do about it?. Medicine? Lifestyle? Technology?.

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Emergence of Modern Science

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  1. Emergence of Modern Science Longevity and Human Health

  2. Why do we age? • The lifecycle of a cell • Mitosis and meiosis • apoptosis • Symbiosis and disease • Symbiotes • Cancer • Battle with the environment • Infection • Oxidation

  3. What can we do about it? • Medicine? • Lifestyle? • Technology?

  4. Life Histories • Reproduction • Population Growth • Carrying Capacity • Limiting Factors • Life Tables • Survivorship Curve • Reproductive Rates

  5. Reproductive Strategies • Ovipary • Ovivivipary • Vivipary • Semelparity • Iteroparity

  6. Population Growth • Growth Curves DN/Dt = B – D Zero population growth Exponential population growth Population crash

  7. Carrying Capacity • Limiting Factors • Predation • Lotka-Volterra Equations • Environmental Change • Succession • Anthropogenic

  8. Homeostasis • Positive Feedback • Negative Feedback • Body Fluids

  9. Energy Budgets

  10. Animal Nutrition • Nutrients • Caloric Needs • Essential Nutrients • Essential Amino Acids • Essential Fatty Acids • Vitamins and Minerals • Homeostasis

  11. Cellular Metabolism • Respiration • Anaerobic Respiration • Aerobic Respiration

  12. Enzymes • Carbohydrate Digestion • Protein Digestion • Nucleic Acid Digestion • Fat Digestion

  13. Quiz • 1. T or F, vivipary is the strategy of live birth. • 2. T or F, nitrogen is a common limiting factor in most environments. • 3. T or F, the earth’s carrying capacity for people has been determined to be 6 billion. • 4. T or F, homeostasis occurs when the body is fighting disease. • 5. T or F, enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions.

  14. Test Questions • Organisms age due to the inability to maintain homeostasis over time. Damage to cells and DNA during lifetime increases mistakes during cellular respiration and reproduction which can eventually lead to accelerated cell death (apoptosis). Failure of cells to undergo apoptosis can also lead to cancer. • All species have unique life histories. Population size and structure depends on the reproductive strategies and environmental influences on these life histories. • Carrying capacity describes the number of individuals sustainable in a population. Limiting factors, competition, and life histories (genetics) all play a role in maintaining healthy populations. • Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to maintain itself functionally.Chemical and sensory feedback mechanisms help an organism maintain homeostasis internally and within their environments.

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