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Regulation

Regulation. Is achieved by both the nervous system and the endocrine system in humans *Both systems secrete chemicals and play a major role in homeostasis. The difference between both:. Neurons. The nervous system is made up of nerve cells called neurons

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Regulation

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  1. Regulation • Is achieved by both the nervous system and the endocrine system in humans *Both systems secrete chemicals and play a major role in homeostasis

  2. The difference between both:

  3. Neurons • The nervous system is made up of nerve cells called neurons • Neurons are used for the transmission of impulses (message) • Three types of neurons: Sensory neurons Interneuron Motor neuron

  4. http://psych.hanover.edu/Krantz/neurotut.html

  5. Nucleus Axon terminals Cell body Myelin sheath Axon Nodes Dendrites A Neuron Section 35-2

  6. Figure 35-6 Resting Potential Section 35-2

  7. Figure 35-7 An Impulse Section 35-2

  8. Figure 35-7 An Impulse Section 35-2

  9. Figure 35-7 An Impulse Section 35-2

  10. Figure 35-7 An Impulse Section 35-2

  11. Figure 35-8 The Synapse Section 35-2 Direction of Impulse Dendrite of adjacent neuron Axon Receptor Vesicle Axon terminal Synaptic cleft Neurotransmitter

  12. DO NOW: • Using the following terms describe the path of an impulse through a reflex arc. (path at which a reflex occurs) • Effector, Response, Receptor, Stimulus • Sensory neuron, Inter neuron, motor neuron • Neurotransmitter, synapse

  13. DO NOW: Response, Receptor, Sensory neuron, Interneuron, motor neuron, spinal cord • Label the following: 1. 6. 4. 3. Stimulus 5. 2.

  14. DO NOW: • Label the following: Receptor 6. Response 1. 4. Interneuron 3.spinal cord 5. motor neuron Stimulus 2. Sensory neuron,

  15. DO NOW: Answer Stimulus  receptor sensory neuron neurotransmitter  interneuron neurotransmitter  Motor neuron neurotransmitter  Effector (muscle/gland)  response Video chapter 35b

  16. DO NOW: Answer 3. sensory neuron 1. Stimulus 2.receptor 4. interneuron 5. Motor neuron 6. Effector (muscle/gland) 7. response

  17. Reflex Arc

  18. Sensory neuron • Transmit impulses from the sense organs (receptors) to the spinal cord • Sense organs include eyes, ears, tongue, nose, and skin

  19. Interneuron • Found in the spinal cord and brain • Transmit impulses from the sensory neuron to the motor neurons

  20. Motor neuron • Transmit impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors (muscle or gland)

  21. (II) Central Nervous System • Consist of a brain and spinal cord

  22. A) Brain • The most active organ in the body • Receives 20% of the blood pumped by the heart • Is a large mass of neurons located in the cranium (skull) • Three major division: Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata

  23. Do Now: • There are three main parts to the human brain. The Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Medulla Oblongata • Which part of the brain are you using to: • Control Breathing • Speech • thinking • Balance • Control your Heart beat • Control your Reflexes

  24. Do Now: • There are three main parts to the human brain. The Cerebrum, Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata • Which part of the brain are you using to: • Control Breathing Medulla Oblongata • Speech Cerebrum • Thinking Cerebrum • Balance Cerebellum • Control your Heart beat Medulla Oblongata • control your Reflexes None the brain does not play a role in reflexes (SPINAL CORD ONLY)

  25. The Human Brain

  26. http://www.illusionworks.com/html/breathing_square.html

  27. How many F’s? • Finished files are the result of years of scientific study combined with the experience of many years of experts.

  28. Motion Induced Blindness • http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/mot_mib/index.html

  29. A) Brain • Note that the brain is convoluted or folded. • The convolutions of the brain allow for a greater surface area for gray matter.

  30. Cerebrum • Largest part of the brain • Center of control for: a) voluntary body movements b) 5 senses c) memory (learning + thought)

  31. Cerebrum • Divided into left and right hemispheres. • Outer layer of the cerebrum is the cortex (cerebral cortex). • Different areas are responsible for different functions.

  32. Brain Scans PET scan on the left shows two areas of the brain (red and yellow) that become particularly active when volunteers read words on a video screen: the primary visual cortex and an additional part of the visual system, both in the back of the left hemisphere. Other brain regions become especially active when subjects hear words through ear-phones, as seen in the PET scan on the right.

  33. Cerebrum Thalamus Pineal gland Hypothalamus Cerebellum Pituitary gland Pons Medulla oblongata Spinal cord Figure 35-9 The Brain Section 35-3

  34. Section 35-5 Commonly Abused Drugs Used to increase alertness, relieve fatigue Used to relieve anxiety, irritability, tension Used to relieve pain Stimulants Depressants Opiates Amphetamines Barbiturates Tranquilizers Morphine Codeine Increase heart and respiratory rates; elevate blood pressure; dilate pupils; decrease appetite Slow down the actions of the central nervous system; small amounts cause calmness and relaxation; larger amounts cause slurred speech and impaired judgement Act as a depressant; cause drowsiness, restlessness, nausea Drug Type Medical Use Examples Effects on the body

  35. Cerebellum • Coordinates motor activities (voluntary movement) • Aids in maintaining balance

  36. Medulla • Involuntary activities like breathing and heartbeat

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