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Immune System

Immune System. Body's line of defenses. What are nonspecific defenses?. Skin Mucus membranes Inflammatory response . Skin first line of Nonspecific defense. Acts as a barrier Chemical defenses (sweat, oils, waxes). Mucus membranes first lines of Nonspecific defense.

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Immune System

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  1. Immune System Body's line of defenses

  2. What are nonspecific defenses? • Skin • Mucus membranes • Inflammatory response

  3. Skin first line of Nonspecific defense • Acts as a barrier • Chemical defenses (sweat, oils, waxes)

  4. Mucus membranes first lines of Nonspecific defense • Mucus traps pathogens

  5. Inflammatory ResponseSecond line of defense Nonspecific immunity • Suppress infection and speed recovery • 1. Release histamine • 2. Raise body temperature • 3. Phagocytes leak out of capillary and attack • 4. Phagocytes destroy pathogen

  6. White blood cells(lymphocytes) • Phagocyte -- “eater of cells” • Neutrophil -- ingest pathogens • Macrophage -- stationed in body tissues engulf large pieces of debris and display antigens. • Natural killer cells -- attack infected cells or cancer cells (cytotoxic T cells)

  7. More White Blood cells • Helper T cells • B cells • Plasma cells • Memory cells

  8. Fever

  9. Proteins • Interferon released by virus infected cells causes nearby cells to resist virus infection

  10. Specific defense Immune Response

  11. Immune Response • Primary-1st time exposed to pathogen • Secondary-2nd time exposed much faster because memory cells immediately respond and produce antibodies to destroy.

  12. Vaccination • Put antigens in the body that fool the immune system into reacting like the real pathogen was there.

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