CompLang Aviation Training Center

1. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers Sergey MELNICHENKO, CompLang Aviation Training Center ICAO LPR Implementation Workshop, Rome, March 3-5, 2010 CompLang Aviation Training Center

2. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers Agree or Disagree: “Assuming you have flown before as a passenger, then you will already have some ideas before meeting your students” … Teacher’s Book CompLang Aviation Training Center

3. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • ICAO: • Diploma/master’s degree in TEFL/TESL or TESOL • Experience in ESP • Familiarity with RTF and FLT/ATC OPS • Doc 9835 and ICAO LPR • Communicative teaching • Safety-critical aspects of language • Standard phraseology and plain language • Work with SMEs CompLang Aviation Training Center

4. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Aviation English as ESP: • Absolute Characteristics • ESP is defined to meet specific needs of the learners • ESP makes use of underlying methodology and activities of the discipline it serves • ESP is centered on the language appropriate to these activities in terms of grammar, lexis, register, study skills, discourse and genre. CompLang Aviation Training Center

5. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Aviation English as ESP: • Variable Characteristics • ESP may be related to or designed for specific disciplines • ESP may use a different methodology from that of General English • ESP is designed for adult learners, either at a tertiary level institution or in a professional work situation. CompLang Aviation Training Center

6. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Aviation English as ESP: • Variable Characteristics • ESP is generally designed for intermediate or advanced students • Most ESP courses assume some basic knowledge of the language systems • T. Dudley-Evans, M.J. St John CompLang Aviation Training Center

7. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Aviation English teacher: • A combination of specific language teaching skills and an understanding of the practical operational environment of the aviation community CompLang Aviation Training Center

8. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Is it a good task? • “Complete the sentence with a suitable preposition: • You can’t go around because there is a mountain ______ the way“. CompLang Aviation Training Center

9. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Exposure to aviation environment: • Flight crew environment • ATC environment • Instructional environment CompLang Aviation Training Center

10. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • Is listening practice useful? • Radio communication transcripts • There is no ideal communication CompLang Aviation Training Center

11. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • “Non-native English speakers might communicate better with restricted phraseology than native speakers because they would be less likely to use extraneous wording. Due to a lack of proficiency, non-native speakers may use fewer words outside of the code of Airspeak”. • K. Varantola CompLang Aviation Training Center

12. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • What to start with? • Annex 10, vol II, Chapter 5 • PANS-ATM ICAO Doc 4444, Chapter 12 • ICAO Doc 9432 • Annex 3 • ICAO Doc 9713 “International Civil Aviation Vocabulary” CompLang Aviation Training Center

13. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers Standard Phraseology and Plain Language “ICAO standardized phraseology shall be used in all situations for which it has been specified. Only when standardized phraseology cannot serve an intended transmission, plain language shall be used.” Annex 10, Volume II, 5.1.1.1 CompLang Aviation Training Center

14. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers Standard Phraseology and Plain Language “The use of plain language should achieve the same goals as phraseology.” (ICAO Doc 9835, 3.5.4) CompLang Aviation Training Center

15. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? What are your intentions? RTF: Advise intentions It is difficult to hear you because of the background noise RTF: I read you 1 (or 2) CompLang Aviation Training Center

16. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 3. Can we get a report on the weather? RTF: Request present weather 4. Could I ask you for the latest met reports in Tokyo? RTF: Request Tokyo weather CompLang Aviation Training Center

17. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 5. I’d like to land. Can you give me vectors? RTF: Request vectors 6. Reception is poor. Say again. RTF: I read you 1 or 2 CompLang Aviation Training Center

18. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 7. You are cleared to land runway 07. RTF: Cleared to land runway 07. 8. Proceed to holding point Lima. RTF: Taxi to holding point Lima. CompLang Aviation Training Center

19. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 9. Did you say flight level 90? RTF: Confirm flight level 90. 10. Affirmative. RTF: Affirm. CompLang Aviation Training Center

20. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 11. Continue your climb until you reach flight level 270. RTF: Continue climb to flight level 270. CompLang Aviation Training Center

21. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers “What on the surface seems simplified, incomplete, or even ungrammatical, may have been rather more complex ‘in the making’ and this we must be able to account for in the description.” Vatnsdal, A.O. (1987) “A register analysis: The language of air traffic control” CompLang Aviation Training Center

22. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 12. There is some clear air turbulence ahead. There is a little icing reported at higher level. RTF: light, moderate, severe. Be advised of moderate CAT ahead (light turbulence is not reported) CompLang Aviation Training Center

23. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers What happens when the teacher does not know standard phraseology? 13. Look out for slow moving traffic 6 miles ahead of you. RTF: Traffic 12 o’clock 6 miles slow moving (sequence of elements in the report shall not be changed) CompLang Aviation Training Center

24. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • In-depth knowledge of ICAO Doc 9835 • ICAO PRICESG product • Contains ICAO standards and SARPs • Provides guidelines for those involved CompLang Aviation Training Center

25. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers • ESP trainers training • ICAO Documents • Language use situation. Specific features of RTF as a register • Needs analysis (Doc 9835) • Familiarizing with real radio communications • How and where to find relevant materials • Matching materials with structures, lexis, etc • Developing exercises • Contains ICAO standards and SARPs • Provides guidelines for those involved CompLang Aviation Training Center

26. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers Many ESP teachers have become slaves of the published textbooks available, unable to evaluate their suitability based on personal experience, and unwilling to do the necessary analysis of difficult specialist texts to verify their contents. Laurence Anthony CompLang Aviation Training Center

27. Training and Supporting Aviation English Language Trainers THANK YOU CompLang Aviation Training Center