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Open and Closed Circulatory Systems

Open and Closed Circulatory Systems. Dot Point: Compare open and closed circulatory systems using one vertebrate and one invertebrate as examples. Open Circulatory Systems. Many invertebrates ( eg arthropods and molluscs) have open circ. systems (fig. 2.76a)

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Open and Closed Circulatory Systems

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  1. Open and Closed Circulatory Systems Dot Point: Compare open and closed circulatory systems using one vertebrate and one invertebrate as examples

  2. Open Circulatory Systems • Many invertebrates (eg arthropods and molluscs) have open circ. systems (fig. 2.76a) • This involves circulation of body fluids known as heamolymph around the body by a simple pump system without blood (one or more tubular hearts) without blood vessels

  3. Open Circulatory Systems • Fluid is sucked in to the tubular heart through small holes. • It is then pumped forward under low pressure to the front of the body and then slowly flows backwards through the spaces surrounding the organs.

  4. Open Circulatory Systems • Open circulatory systems suit the needs of smaller animals. • In insects (eg. grasshoppers) they do not have to support respiratory gases (recall tracheae). • They merely distribute (and occasionally store) and collect food and wastes

  5. Closed Circulatory Systems • Large active animals such as vertebrates (eg. squids) have closed circulatory systems (fig 2.76b). • In humans the circulatory system consists of a muscular pump (heart) that forces a fluid (blood) through a closed system of tubes (blood vessels – arteries and veins) under pressure.

  6. Closed Circulatory Systems • These blood vessels carry nutrients, gases and wastes rapidly throughout the body. • No cell in the body is far from a blood vessel.

  7. Closed Circulatory Systems • Fluids from the blood travels through blood vessel walls to become part of the body fluid which bathes the cells. Some of this body fluid is reabsorbed be cells and some is drained into the lymph vessels which join together and eventually return the fluid to the blood.

  8. Closed Circulatory Systems • Closed circulatory systems meet the needs of large active animals. They provide the larger organisms with the greater amount of nutrients and oxygen needed and can accommodate the need to carry away a greater amount of wastes and carbon dioxide. • They do, however they use more energy to provide this faster service.

  9. Complete The Following Table

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