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Asia Forum on Climate Change in Vietnam: Addressing Challenges and Recommendations

This forum provides an overview of climate change in Vietnam, international conventions, national activities, impacts, and policy strategies. It aims to develop a low carbon society and enhance Vietnam's position in climate change issues.

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Asia Forum on Climate Change in Vietnam: Addressing Challenges and Recommendations

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  1. The 2nd Asia Forum on Carbon Update 2012 CLIMATE CHANGE AND RESPONSE IN VIETNAM: Update on Policy, Strategy and Program Trương Quang Học VACNE, CRES - Vietnam Natonal University, Hanoi

  2. OUTLINES 1. overview of climate change in Vietnam 2. International CC conventions participation 3. National activities in response to CC - Achievements - Challengies and recommendations

  3. CC impacts • Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable countries to the global climate change

  4. temperature over the past 50 years annual average temperature has increased about 0.7oC. (IMHEN 2008)

  5. Sea level rise Over the past 50 years, sea level rose about 20 cm (IMHEN, 2009)

  6. Intensity and abnormality of natural disasters (floods, storms surges, sea level rise, extreme events, drought) increased

  7. Changes in Annual Mean Temperature (oC) Relative to 1980-1999, Medium Scenario (B2)

  8. Sea level rise scenarios

  9. Red river delta Sea level rise Dark blue: 1m Light blue : 5 m (John Pilgrim, 2007) Mekong delta (John Pilgrim, 2007)

  10. With SLR of 1 meter • Total lost value: 17 billion USD/year; - 1/5 population houses lost/damaged; - 12,3% plantation area inundated; - 40.000km2 delta area, 17.000 km2 of coastal area in Mekong river delta are heavely impacted by unpredicable floods. • With SLR of 1m: GDP lost of 10%; - With 3 m: GDP lost of 25 % (WB).

  11. VIETNAMactively responds to climate change & develops a low carbon society CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSE

  12. INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES • UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol were ratified by the Government of Vietnam on Nov. 16th 1994 (1992) and in September 2002 (1998), respectively. • Since February 1995, Vietnam officially was • a Non-Annex I Party of the Convention.

  13. INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES COP/CMPparticipation • COP9 Milan 2003 • COP10 Buenos Aires 2004 • COP11/CMP1 Montreal 2005 • COP12/CMP2 Nairobi 2006 • COP13/CMP3 Bali 2007 • COP14/CMP4 Poznan 2008 • COP15/CMP 5 Copenhagen • COP 16/CMP 6 Cancun • COP 17/CMP 7 Durban • COP1 Berlin 1995 • COP2 Geneva 1996 • COP3 Kyoto 1997 • COP4 Buenos Aires 1998 • COP5 Bonn 1999 • COP6 The Hague 2000 • COP6 bis Bonn 2001 • COP7 Marrakesh 2001 • COP8 Delhi 2002 25

  14. VIETNAM ISSUED

  15. 2011: POLICIES ISSUED • ApprovedNATIONAL STRATEGY • ON CLIMATE CHANGE (5/12/2011) • : 12/2011 Develop a National Strategy on Climate Change is “Alive or Dead” Issue of VN

  16. STRATEGIC TASKS (9) 1. Actively respond to natural disasters and monitor climate; 2. Guarantee food security and water resources; 3. Actively respond to sea level rise in most vulnerable regions; 4. Protect, sustainably develop forests and conserve biodiversity; 5. Mitigate emission of green house gases contributing to protect the Earth climate system;

  17. STRATEGIC TASKS (9) 6. Strengthen the state decisive role in response to climate change 7. Develop communities of effectively response to climate change; 8. Develop modern science-technology in climate change response; 9.Strengthen international collaboration and integration, enhance the national position in climate change issues

  18. Implementation phasing Three phases: • 2011- 2012: Inception phase • 2013 – 2025: Implementation phase • 2026 – 2050: Development phase (low carbon economy) .

  19. POLICIES ISSUED 2. Approved NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM OF NTP (29 August 2011)

  20. National Science and Technology Program of NTP i) General objective Supply scientific basis for development of strategy, policies and action plans on response to climate change in Vietnam

  21. National Science and Technology Programof NTP • ii) Concrete objectives (3): • Developing knowledge of variability and change in climate and related environmental and human systems, and for encouraging the application of this knowledge • Assessing climate change impacts and proposing solutions in response to climate change • Mainstreaming climate change issues into developmental strategies, planning, plans…

  22. National Science and Technology Program of NTP • iii) Main Tasks & projects (5 and 36 projects) • Studies on scientific basis for development of data base on climate change and its impacts to different fields/ sectors (4 projects); • Studies on scientific nature of climate change; Assessment status of climate change in Vietnam (3 projects) • Studies on scientific basis for assessment of climate change impacts, vulnerability by climate change, and proposing climate change adaptation solutions (21 projects)

  23. National Science and Technology Program of NTP: • 4. Studies on climate change mitigation • (4 projects) • Studies on scientific basis and procedure for mainstreaming climate change issues in developmental strategies, plannings, plans, programs at central and local level • (6 projects)

  24. 3. Established the National Council on Climate ChangeChairman: Prime MinisterVice-chairmen: Vice Prime Minister and Minister, MONREMembers: Ministers of some important ministries, Presidents of national committees, Directors of Research institutes and Specialists concerned … POLICIES ISSUED

  25. POLICIES ISSUED 4. Promulgated Decree No. 1719/QDD-TTg on criteria for evaluation of priority projects of the Support Programme to Respond to Climate Change (SP-RCC): - Objectives of criteria application - Requirements of a priority project in SP-RCC; - Guidline on evaluation of priority level according to regions and disaster types/ climate change signs ; - Integrated/final evaluation . .

  26. 5. Promulgated the policies matrix framework of the third cycle (2011) of the SP-RCC

  27. POLICIES ISSUED 6. Promulgated National target programmes in the period 2012-2015: - National Target Programme to respond to Climate change - National Target Programme on energy saving and effective utilization

  28. POLICIES ISSUED 7. Developing Vietnam’s Strategy on Green Growth General objective: Changing of economic growth models with low carbon use; reducing GHG emission, contributing to CC mitigation; strengthening of green technology application, sustainable green lifestyle to improve people living standard.

  29. POLICIES ISSUED Concrete objectives & Priority tasks (11) - Objective 1: Greening production (5 tasks) - Objective 2: Reduce carbon emission intensity; Increase use of renewable and new energy resources (4 tasks) - Objective 3: Greening life and lifestyle (3 tasks)

  30. POLICIES ISSUED • 8. Developing Action Plans for • implementation of NTP • - Ministrial/ sectoral: 24 • - Provincial: 64

  31. Example: POLICIES ISSUED • Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Develoment (MARD) • 2. Ministry of Industry and Trade MoIT

  32. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE ANDRURAL DEVELOPMENT 64 programs / projects

  33. MARD Legislation document issued 1. Promulgated Decision on implementation of the 3rd Cycle Policy matrix framework of SP-RCC in agriculture and rural development fields

  34. MARD Legislation document issued • Approved Programme on GHG emission mitigationin agriculture and rural areas to 2020 • i) To 2020: 20% GHG emission reduced in fields of: • - Plantation, • - Breeding , and • - Fishery

  35. MARD Legislation document issued 3. Developing National Programme on REED + (2012)

  36. MARD Legislation document issued 3. Replicating results of UN REDD Programme - Phase 1: 2 pilot districts - Phase 2: 6 provinces - Phase 3: whole country

  37. MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE Legislation document issued • i) Approved National electricity Planning 2011-2020 and • towards 2030 (21.7.2011) • Priorities in renewable energy development increase to 4.5 % and 6 % in 2020 and 2030 respectively • Reduce the electricity elastic ko-efficient to 1.5% and 1.0% in 2015 and 2020 • Wind electricity portion: 0.7% and 2.4% in 2020 and 2030 • Biomas electricity portion: 0.6% and 1.1% in 2020 and 2030 • Hydro Power plants double in volum in 2020 • Nuclear power: 10.1% in 2030

  38. MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE Legislation document issued ii) Approved National Energy Development Strategy to 2020 and towards to 2030 Objective: Try to achieve ratio of RE to about 5% in 2020 and 11% in 2030 and orientation to setting up energy development funds to support investment in development of new and renewable energy, implement public projects

  39. MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE Legislation document issued iii) Approved National strategy on integrated management of solid wasts to 2015 and forwards to 2020: View: “Polluters pay for pollutions”; Up to 2050, 100% solid wasts are treated by advanced technology Objectives: - To 2015: 60% are reused, reproduced, energy recovered - To 2020: 85% are reused, reproduced, energy recovered - To 2025: 90% are reused, reproduced, energy recovered - To 2030: 100% are reused, reproduced, energy recovered

  40. MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE Legislation document issued iv) Approved NTP for energy saving and effective utilization Objective: Strive for saving from 5% to 8% of total consumed energy in period 2011-2015 compared with presently forcasted on energy development

  41. MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE Legislation document issued v) Approved some policies, mechanisms for CDM investment projects vi) Approved Biofuels development proposal up to 2015 and towards to 2050

  42. NTP ACHIEVEMENTS 9. Public Awareness Raising for different target groups: - NGO members (ToT & community development persons - Administrative system at all levels (short term training courses); - Communities In: - Climate change adaptation - Disaster prevention, response and mitigation - Environment Protection

  43. 9. Public awareness

  44. 9. Some training courses

  45. NTP ACHIEVEMENTS 10. CC education in school system for: - School teachers (short-term training courses) - School students (mainstreaming CC issues in curricula/appropriate subjects)

  46. NTP ACHIEVEMENTS 11. CC education in Higher education system: i) Mainstreaming CC issues into curricula and syllabus appropriately ii) Develop new MSc programs in - Climate Change; - Climate Change and Sustainable Development; - Sustainablility Science…

  47. MSc Program

  48. International Cooperation policies • Hope to mobilize around US $9.1 billion of assistance from the international community to overcome CC serious challenges.  • The country so far has received US $1.28 billion via 21 programs and projects. • Other 11 projects, worth US $1.3 billion, are under negotiation process./. Develop policies and machanisms for promoting international cooperation

  49. CC R&D programme Donors • DANIDA: MONRE, MARD, MPI, MOIT, Ben Tre & • Quang Nam Province; • UN, Norway: Lam Dong province (UNREED, • phase 1 and phase 2) • The Netherland and Germany: Central provinces • Japan, France: • WB, ADB • CTF: MOIT, MOT, MARD, HCM city

  50. Support Programs no Response to CC in Vietnam

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