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Maritime Conventions

Maritime Conventions. Songa Mercur Sean Rothwell 28 April 2013. Doc Control No: MER-020-17-001. MARPOL. The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO.

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Maritime Conventions

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  1. Maritime Conventions Songa Mercur Sean Rothwell 28 April 2013 Doc Control No: MER-020-17-001

  2. MARPOL • The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO. • The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a spate of tanker accidents in 1976-1977. As the 1973 MARPOL Convention had not yet entered into force, the 1978 MARPOL Protocol absorbed the parent Convention. • The combined instrument entered into force on 2 October 1983. • In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to amend the Convention and a new Annex VI was added which entered into force on 19 May 2005. MARPOL has been updated by amendments through the years.

  3. MARPOL • Annex I Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil (entered into force 2 October 1983) • Covers prevention of pollution by oil from operational measures as well as from accidental discharges; the 1992 amendments to Annex I made it mandatory for new oil tankers to have double hulls and brought in a phase-in schedule for existing tankers to fit double hulls, which was subsequently revised in 2001 and 2003.

  4. MARPOL • Annex II Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk (entered into force 2 October 1983) • Details the discharge criteria and measures for the control of pollution by noxious liquid substances carried in bulk; some 250 substances were evaluated and included in the list appended to the Convention; the discharge of their residues is allowed only to reception facilities until certain concentrations and conditions (which vary with the category of substances) are complied with. • In any case, no discharge of residues containing noxious substances is permitted within 12 miles of the nearest land.

  5. MARPOL • Annex III Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form (entered into force 1 July 1992) • Contains general requirements for the issuing of detailed standards on packing, marking, labelling, documentation, stowage, quantity limitations, exceptions and notifications. • For the purpose of this Annex, “harmful substances” are those substances which are identified as marine pollutants in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) or which meet the criteria in the Appendix of Annex III.

  6. MARPOL • Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships (entered into force 27 September 2003) • Contains requirements to control pollution of the sea by sewage; the discharge of sewage into the sea is prohibited, except when the ship has in operation an approved sewage treatment plant or when the ship is discharging comminuted and disinfected sewage using an approved system at a distance of more than three nautical miles from the nearest land; sewage which is not comminuted or disinfected has to be discharged at a distance of more than 12 nautical miles from the nearest land.

  7. MARPOL • Annex V Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships (entered into force 31 December 1988) • Deals with different types of garbage and specifies the distances from land and the manner in which they may be disposed of; the most important feature of the Annex is the complete ban imposed on the disposal into the sea of all forms of plastics. • In July 2011, IMO adopted extensive amendments to Annex V which are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2013. The revised Annex V prohibits the discharge of all garbage into the sea, except as provided otherwise, under specific circumstances.

  8. MARPOL • Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships (entered into force 19 May 2005) • Sets limits on sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances; designated emission control areas set more stringent standards for SOx, NOx and particulate matter. • In 2011, after extensive work and debate, IMO adopted ground breaking mandatory technical and operational energy efficiency measures which will significantly reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from ships; these measures were included in Annex VI and are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2013.

  9. SOLAS • International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) • The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the safety of merchant ships. • The first version was adopted in 1914, in response to the Titanic disaster, the second in 1929, the third in 1948, and the fourth in 1960.

  10. SOLAS • Chapter I - General Provisions • Includes regulations concerning the survey of the various types of ships and the issuing of documents signifying that the ship meets the requirements of the Convention. The Chapter also includes provisions for the control of ships in ports of other Contracting Governments.

  11. SOLAS • Chapter II-1 - Construction - Subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations • The subdivision of passenger ships into watertight compartments must be such that after assumed damage to the ship's hull the vessel will remain afloat and stable. Requirements for watertight integrity and bilge pumping arrangements for passenger ships are also laid down as well as stability requirements for both passenger and cargo ships. • Under the regulation, ships should have adequate strength, integrity and stability to minimize the risk of loss of the ship or pollution to the marine environment due to structural failure, including collapse, resulting in flooding or loss of watertight integrity.

  12. SOLAS • Chapter II-2 - Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction • Includes detailed fire safety provisions for all ships and specific measures for passenger ships, cargo ships and tankers.

  13. SOLAS • Chapter III - Life-saving appliances and arrangements • The Chapter includes requirements for life-saving appliances and arrangements, including requirements for life boats, rescue boats and life jackets according to type of ship. The International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code gives specific technical requirements for LSAs and is mandatory under Regulation 34, which states that all life-saving appliances and arrangements shall comply with the applicable requirements of the LSA Code.

  14. SOLAS • Chapter IV – Radio communications • The Chapter incorporates the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS). All passenger ships and all cargo ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards on international voyages are required to carry equipment designed to improve the chances of rescue following an accident, including satellite emergency position indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) and search and rescue transponders (SARTs) for the location of the ship or survival craft.

  15. SOLAS • Chapter V - Safety of navigation • Chapter V identifies certain navigation safety services which should be provided by Contracting Governments and sets forth provisions of an operational nature applicable in general to all ships on all voyages. This is in contrast to the Convention as a whole, which only applies to certain classes of ship engaged on international voyages.

  16. SOLAS • Chapter VI - Carriage of Cargoes The Chapter covers all types of cargo (except liquids and gases in bulk) "which, owing to their particular hazards to ships or persons on board, may require special precautions". The regulations include requirements for stowage and securing of cargo or cargo units (such as containers). The Chapter requires cargo ships carrying grain to comply with the International Grain Code.

  17. SOLAS • Chapter VII - Carriage of Dangerous Goods • The chapter requires carriage of dangerous goods to be in compliance with the relevant provisions of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code).

  18. Chapter VIII - Nuclear Ships • Gives basic requirements for nuclear-powered ships and is particularly concerned with radiation hazards. It refers to detailed and comprehensive Code of Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships which was adopted by the IMO Assembly in 1981. • Not relevant to the Songa Mercur.

  19. SOLAS • Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships • The Chapter makes mandatory the International Safety Management (ISM) Code, which requires a safety management system to be established by the ship owner or any person who has assumed responsibility for the ship (the "Company").

  20. SOLAS • Chapter X - Safety measures for high-speed craft • The Chapter makes mandatory the International Code of Safety for High-Speed Craft (HSC Code). • Not Relevant to the Songa Mercur).

  21. Chapter XI-1 - Special Measures to Enhance Maritime SafetyThe Chapter clarifies requirements relating to authorization of recognized organizations (responsible for carrying out surveys and inspections on Administrations' behalves); enhanced surveys; ship identification number scheme; and port State control on operational requirements. • Chapter XI-2 - Special Measures to Enhance Maritime SecurityRegulation XI-2/3 of the chapter enshrines the International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code (ISPS Code).

  22. SOLAS • Chapter XII - Additional safety measures for bulk carriers • The Chapter includes structural requirements for bulk carriers over 150 metres in length. • Not relevant to the Songa Mercur.

  23. STCW • International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watch Keeping for Seafarers (STCW) • STCW Convention chapters • Chapter I: General provisions • Chapter II: Master and deck department • Chapter III: Engine department • Chapter IV: Radio communication and radio personnel • Chapter V: Special training requirements for personnel on certain types of ships • Chapter VI: Emergency, occupational safety, medical care and survival functions • Chapter VII: Alternative certification • Chapter VIII: Watch keeping

  24. Mercur Documents • From these conventions several documents have had to be produce for use onboard these include the following: • MER-109-03-001 Mercur Operations Manual • MER-014-18-003 Waste Management Plan • MER-018-03-001 Emergency Response Manual • MER-018-18-014 Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) • MER-018-03-003 SOLAS Training Manual • MER-018-08-001 Station Bill • HQS-010-02-002 Environmental Management Procedure • HQS-014-03-003 Waste Management Plan

  25. Questions

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