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The Social Web

The Social Web. Jason I. Hong Robert Kraut Carnegie Mellon University. Social Web Sites Among Most Popular. Alexa (Jan 2012). New Ways of Creating Content. New Ways of Aggregating Information. New Ways of Sharing Info.

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The Social Web

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  1. The Social Web Jason I. HongRobert KrautCarnegie Mellon University

  2. Social Web Sites Among Most Popular Alexa (Jan 2012)

  3. New Ways of Creating Content

  4. New Ways of Aggregating Information

  5. New Ways of Sharing Info Alec Ross, the first senior adviser for innovation to the US secretary of state

  6. New Ways of Playing Games ~40M players ~10M players

  7. New Ways of Doing Commerce

  8. New Ways to Socialize

  9. New Ways of Doing Politics 18.6% better

  10. New Ways of Organizing Work

  11. But… Fundamentals Still Apply • Just b/c there are new ways of doing things doesn’t mean that we throw out everything we knew before • Psychology: coordination, conflict, motivation • Technology: scale, managing data, networking, security • Policy: privacy, governance, trolls and griefers • Business: critical mass, business models • All these issues existed before, but now we have to understand how to apply them in a new context

  12. Agenda • Motivating a course on the Social Web • Providing a course overview • Who are we • Topics • Requirements • Homeworks • Lecture 1 – From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0

  13. Who Are We? • Jason Hong • Assoc Professor, HCII • PhD in Computer Science • Usable privacy and security, mobile social computing, startup • jasonh@cs.cmu.edu, NSH 3523 • Bob Kraut • Professor, HCII • PhD in Social Psychology • Online communities, coordinatinggroups, computers & organizations • robert.kraut@cmu.edu, NSH 3515

  14. Course Goals • Understand social, technical and business challenges social Internet applications must solve to be successful • How to analyze, design, and build online communities • Understand the social impact of spending at least part of your lives online • Find the right balance between generalizable principles and specifics of current social sites

  15. Course Overview • Domains • Wikipedia • Media sharing sites • Social networking sites • Open source software development • Mobile social • Prediction markets • Recommender systems • Online games

  16. Social engineering Conflict, coordination Governance Encouraging newbies Encouraging contribution Privacy Sensemaking Intellectual property Social capital Business and social web Technology engineering Web 2.0 technologies Scalability Databases Privacy/Security Mobility Cloud computing Challenges to Social Web

  17. Readings • Lots of readings in this course • 30+ pages per week • Many readings require you to be on CMU network(or use VPN) • Will post username/password for other readings • Lots of writing too • Reflective essays (250-300 words) each week on one of the readings and post on your class blog (by every Monday) • Brief summary • Questions or issues to discuss in class • Things you disagree with • Post commentary on three other students each week • Quality of writing, quality of discussion

  18. Homeworks • Get to “level 10” on some social site • Complete IRB training • Do a crowdsourcing project • Create a compelling visualization and discuss

  19. Class Attendance and Participation • The instructors knowing your face and name • Participating in in-class exercises • Asking interesting questions • Contributing to class discussion • Both online and in-class • Think quality, not quantity

  20. Show and Tell • Only applies to 05-820 students • Sign up for a show-and-tell • Become an expert with a social web site • Do a 10 minute presentation about the site • Choose a site: • You are either already familiar with or interested in learning more about • Somewhat related to topic of that week (try) • Teach all of us something neat and interesting • Bad: “this site has feature x, y, and z” • Good: “this site has a really interesting business model” • Good: “this site has a novel way of keeping away trolls” • Good: “this site connects people in a new way”

  21. Wikipedia Project • Goal: Choose a Wikipedia page andget it to “good status” • In small teams, iteratively improve a Wikipedia page of your choice • Review other people’s proposed edits • Incorporate feedback and make changes to page • More on this later

  22. Course Project • Teams of up to 4people, formed later in semester • Build something really interesting • Gather and analyze an interesting data set • Analyze social behavior qualitatively • Should aim to be research-oriented • Examples of past projects: • Build an interesting social app for mobile smartphones • Examining cultural differences in social sites • Examining how people handle death online • Analyzing location data to predict friendships • More this later as well

  23. Class Logistics • Will distribute hard copy of our lecture notes in class & post electronic version on course site • Discussion-oriented class, lecture notes will be incomplete • No laptops in class • Research shows that multitasking impairs ability to think • Heavy multitaskers worse at all tasks

  24. Class Logistics • Max class size is number of seats in room (60) • Drop class now if it doesn’t match your interests

  25. Summary of Work for Students • This week • Sign up to do show and tell (for 05-820 students) • Create account on course site http://sweb12.hciresearch.org • Set your username to be “firstnamelastname” • Add a picture of yourself • Add an interesting story about yourself • Ex. “I was a phone a friend for Who Wants to be a Millionaire. The question was…” • Do readings for class Thursday • No summaries or threads required yet • Though we will start some if anyone wants to discuss

  26. Summary of Work for Students • Weekly • Do the course readings • Do reflective essay by Monday on one of the readings • Give useful feedback on three other essays • Attend class and participate in discussion • Do any homeworks assigned for that week • Semester • Do Wikipedia project • Do course project

  27. Comments or Questions?

  28. Web 2.0 Jason I. HongBob KrautCarnegie Mellon University

  29. Today • What is Web 1.0? What is Web 2.0? • Key ideas and technologies that enable social web • Relation to past innovations • What can history tell us about tomorrow’s social web? • Lots of buzzwords today • Feel free to ask for clarifications

  30. Tim O’ReillyWeb 1.0 vs Web 2.0

  31. 5 Minute In-Class Exercise • Break up into groups of ~3, introduce selves • When is Web 1.0 better than Web 2.0? Vice versa?

  32. Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 • Web 1.0 • Web 2.0

  33. Next Few Slides • Let’s take a step back and look at big picture • A brief history of the web • Origins of hypertext and the web • What factors led to Web 0.1 to 0.2 to 1.0 to 2.0? • Goal is to look at trends, see how major pieces fit together, and see how we got where we are today

  34. Web 0.1 • Vannevar Bush & Memex • MIT academic, developer of analog computer, science administrator & presidential science advisor • 1945 - "As We May Think" Atlantic Monthly • Problem: Info overload • Solution: Microfiche-based system to find and link info • Lots of information • Access through both indexing and clicking • Method for linking pages • Trails through the material are storable Bush's theoretical Memex (Life Magazine, November 19, 1945)

  35. Web 0.1 • “Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready made with a mesh of associative trails running through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and there amplified. “

  36. Web 0.2 • Ted Nelson and Xanadu • Idea of hypertext for computers (1974) • Mostly vaporware, with release in late 1990s • Tim Berners-Lee • Invented the web (yes really!) • For scientists to easily retrievedocuments from anywhere around world • First website, CERN, Aug 6, 1991 • “I just had to take the hypertext idea and connect it to the TCP and DNS ideas and — ta-da! — the World Wide Web."[ • Finding and retrieving info built into DNA of the web • Early web sites pretty much read-only • “Information Superhighway”

  37. 1993

  38. 1993 • Note howdifferent it isfrom ourexpectationstoday

  39. 1994

  40. 1994

  41. 1995 • Web 1.0

  42. 1996

  43. 1997

  44. 1998

  45. A typical web page

  46. What the World was Like Before Web • Most PCs standalone, slow modems, some w/o mouse • Microsoft Windows wasn’t dominant yet • Race between Apple, Microsoft, Unix workstations • Rudimentary and incompatible software • Word processing, desktop publishing • Hard to get Apple, Microsoft, Unix to interoperate • Incompatible formats • Microsoft Word, WordPerfect, Postscript, LaTEX • What did it take to go from Web 0.1 to Web 1.0? • Hardware, Standards, Authoring, Biz models, Dissemination

  47. From Web 0.1 to Web 1.0 • Rewind to 1990. What Hardware, Standards, Authoring, Biz models, Dissemination, and Adoption did it take to get to Web 1.0 • Ex. Mice became standard with computers • Ex. Color monitors • Ex. Operating systems • Ex. Buy computers

  48. From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0? • Hardware, Standards, Authoring, Biz models, Dissemination, Others?

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